The URL can be used to link to this page

Home My WebLink AboutCSD-11-041 - Southwest Urban Area Community Master Plan UpdateREPORT TO:Planning & Strategic Initiatives Committee DATE OF MEETING: March 21, 2011 SUBMITTED BY: Alain Pinard, Director of Planning PREPARED BY: Brandon Sloan, Manager, Long Range & Policy Planning (519-741-2648) WARD(S) INVOLVED: Wards 5 and 6 DATE OF REPORT: March 15, 2011 REPORT NO.: CSD-11-041 SUBJECT: Southwest Urban Area Studies Community Master Plan Update RECOMMENDATION: That staff continue to address the Southwest Urban Area Community Master Plan stakeholder comments concurrently with the preparation of Secondary Plan and Official Plan policies; and further, That both the Southwest Urban Area Community Master Plan and the Official Plan Amendment for the Secondary Plan be provided to the Planning & Strategic Initiatives Committee in final form by June 2011. BACKGROUND: The subject report is a direct result of the recommendations of Report CSD-11-035 that was , considered by the Planning & Strategic Initiatives (PSI) Committee on February 282011. Report CSD-11-035 and the subsequent Council resolution (attached as Appendix “A”) recommended that the Community Master Plan for the Southwest Urban Area be considered at the March 21, 2011 meeting pending receipt of comments and further discussion with area landowners. REPORT: Following the presentation of the Community Master Plan at the February PSI Committee meeting, comments were received from many stakeholders (attached as Appendix “B”) and follow-up meetings were held. Despite significant progress, several technical issues which were identified in Report CSD 11-035 still have not been resolved to the point where it is feasible to recommend final approval of the Community Master Plan. Additional input and consensus from the Region of Waterloo, Grand River Conservation Authority and the Ministry of Natural Resources is required in order to resolve some of the outstanding issues. The key issues that remain outstanding and also require consensus from internal departments relate to: groundwater infiltration requirements; stormwater management; í ó ï the methodology for calculating densities; species at risk habitat; servicing; and how all of the above matters will be implemented in the secondary plan that follows. In addition, the transportation consultant has advised that the transportation network analysis that is being prepared based on the most recent plan will not be completed until later in March. Review and discussion time will then be required for any additional issues and recommendations related to transportation needs. The current land use plan, attached as Appendix “C”, incorporates revisions arising out of landowner consultations and new notations and symbols for the storm water management (SWM) ponds and groundwater infiltration areas. These features will be illustrated on a separate map that is part of the community master plan document and will be subject to specific policies that outline how they are to be delineated in subsequent planning and development approval stages. Given the desire by many to try and achieve greater consensus on the Community Master Plan before the document receives final approval, the preference is to allow for further dialogue with internal and external stakeholders on those components described above. At the same time, staff suggest that work proceed on preparing Secondary Plan and Official Plan Amendment policies based on the principles in the Master Plan to date. This would mean that there would still ultimately be a final Community Master Plan, but it may occur just prior to the Secondary Plan/Official Plan Amendment. This may actually provide an opportunity for better harmonization between the two documents and, through the preparation of policies, a better understanding of the master plan. ALIGNMENT WITH CITY OF KITCHENER STRATEGIC PLAN: This project is a direct result of the Kitchener Growth Management Strategy and Plan which support the City’s Strategic Plan. Additional alignment with Kitchener’s Strategic Plan is outlined in report CSD-11-035. FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS: There are no direct financial implications as a result of the recommendations of this report. The financial impacts of urban development in the subject area are outlined in report CSD-11-035. COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT: Overall community engagement for this project was outlined in report CSD-11-035. No formal advertisement was required for this meeting. CONCLUSION: In order to address emerging stakeholder issues, staff recommend that the Community Master Plan in its current state form the basis for moving forward with preparing Secondary Plan and Official Plan Amendment policies for the Southwest Urban Area, and that pending additional dialogue on the outstanding issues, that the Community Master Plan be provided to the PSI Committee in final form by June of 2011. í ó î ACKNOWLEDGED BY: Jeff Willmer, Deputy CAO Community Services Department í ó í í ó ì í ó ë í ó ê í ó é í ó è í ó ç í ó ïð í ó ïï í ó ïî í ó ïí í ó ïì í ó ïë í ó ïê í ó ïé í ó ïè í ó ïç í ó îð í ó îï í ó îî í ó îí í ó îì í ó îë í ó îê í ó îé í ó îè í ó îç í ó íð í ó íï í ó íî í ó íí í ó íì í ó íë í ó íê Ó¿®½¸ çô îðïï Ý·¬§ ±º Õ·¬½¸»²»® Ý±³³«²·¬§ Í»®ª·½» Ü»°¿®¬³»²¬ ¬¸ îðð Õ·²¹ Í¬®»»¬ É»¬ô ê Ú´±±® Õ·¬½¸»²»®ô ÑÒ ÒîÙ ìÙé ß¬¬»²¬·±²æ Óò Ö«´·¿²» Ê±² É»¬»®¸±´¬ô Í»²·±® Ð´¿²²»® Î»æ Í±«¬¸©»¬ Õ·¬½¸»²»® Ë®¾¿² ß®»¿ Í¬«¼§ Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿²²·²¹ Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿²ñÔ¿²¼ Ë» Ñ°¬·±² Ûª¿´«¿¬·±² Î»°±®¬ Ü»¿® Óò Ê±² É»¬»®¸±´¬ô Ñ² ¾»¸¿´º ±º ×¿² Ý±±µ Ý±²¬®«½¬·±² Ô¬¼òô ¬¸¿²µ §±« º±® ¬¸» ±°°±®¬«²·¬§ ¬± ®»ª·»© ¬¸» ¿¾±ª» ½¿°¬·±²»¼ ¼±½«³»²¬ °®»°¿®»¼ ¾§ Ì¸» Ð´¿²²·²¹ Ð¿®¬²»®¸·° ±² ¾»¸¿´º ±º ¬¸» Ý·¬§ ±º Õ·¬½¸»²»®ò ß ¬¿¬»¼ ¾»º±®» ¬¸» Ð´¿²²·²¹ ú Í¬®¿¬»¹·½ ×²·¬·¿¬·ª» Ý±³³·¬¬»» ±² Ú»¾®«¿®§ îèô îðïð ¿²¼ ¼·½«»¼ ©·¬¸ Ó®ò Í´±¿² ¿²¼ §±«®»´ºô ©» ¸¿ª» ®»ª·»©»¼ ¬¸» »¨¬»²·ª» Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿² ¼±½«³»²¬ ¿²¼ ®»³¿·² ½±²½»®²»¼ ¿¾±«¬ ¿ º»© µ»§ ¼»¬¿·´ ¿ ¬¸»§ ¿ºº»½¬ ±«® ´¿²¼ò ß §±« ¿®» ¿©¿®»ô ©» ¸¿ª» ¾»»² »²¹¿¹»¼ ·² ¬¸» °´¿²²·²¹ ±º ¬¸» Í±«¬¸ Û¬¿¬» ´¿²¼ô ³«²·½·°¿´´§ µ²±©² ¿ ïëíï Þ´»¿³ Î±¿¼ô ¶±·²¬´§ ©·¬¸ ÎÞÖ Í½¸´»¹»´ Ø±´¼·²¹ ×²½ò ¿²¼ ¬¸»·® ¿¼¶±·²·²¹ °®±°»®¬§ ·²½» îððéò É» º·´»¼ ½±³°´»¬» ¼®¿º¬ °´¿² ±º «¾¼·ª··±² ¿²¼ ®»¦±²·²¹ ¿°°´·½¿¬·±² ·² îððè ¿²¼ ¸¿ª» ¾»»² ¿½¬·ª»´§ »²¹¿¹»¼ ·² ¬¸» Ý·¬§ ½±³³«²·¬§ °´¿²²·²¹ °®±½» ·²½» ·¬ ½±²½»°¬·±² ·² îðïðò ß¬ »ª»®§ °±·²¬ ·² ¬¸» Ý·¬§ °®±½» ·² «²¼»®¬¿µ·²¹ ¬¸» Í±«¬¸©»¬ Õ·¬½¸»²»® Ë®¾¿² ß®»¿ Í¬«¼§ô ©» ¸¿ª» »²½±«®¿¹»¼ ¬¸» Ý·¬§ ¿²¼ ·¬ ½±²«´¬¿²¬ «¬·´·¦» ¬¸» ¾¿½µ¹®±«²¼ ¬«¼·» º·´»¼ ·² «°°±®¬ ±º ±«® ¼®¿º¬ °´¿² ±º «¾¼·ª··±² ¿°°´·½¿¬·±² ¿²¼ ®»¦±²·²¹ °»½·º·½¿´´§æ Ð®»´·³·²¿®§ Í»®ª·½·²¹ ¿²¼ Í¬±®³©¿¬»® Ó¿²¿¹»³»²¬ Î»°±®¬ Ð®»°¿®»¼ ¾§ Í¬¿²¬»½ øÜ»½»³¾»® îððè÷ Ð®»´·³·²¿®§ Ù»±¬»½¸²·½¿´ ×²ª»¬·¹¿¬·±² ó Ð®»°¿®»¼ ¾§ Ò¿§´±® Û²¹·²»»®·²¹ ß±½·¿¬» Ô¬¼ò øÖ«´§ îððí÷ Ø§¼®±¹»±´±¹§ Í¬«¼§ô Î»·¼»²¬·¿´ Í«¾¼·ª··±² Í·¬»ô Í±«¬¸ Û¬¿¬» ¿²¼ É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ô Õ·¬½¸»²»®ô Ñ²¬¿®·± Ð®»°¿®»¼ ¾§ Ò¿§´±® Û²¹·²»»®·²¹ ß±½·¿¬» Ô¬¼ò øÑ½¬±¾»® îððè÷ Í½±°»¼ Û×Íô Ù»²»®¿´ Ê»¹»¬¿¬·±² Ñª»®ª·»© ¿²¼ Ü»¬¿·´»¼ Ê»¹»¬¿¬·±² Ð´¿² Ð®»°¿®»¼ ¾§ Ø±©»ó Ö±²» ú ß±½·¿¬» ×²½ò øÜ»½»³¾»® îððè÷ É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ ú Í±«¬¸ Û¬¿¬» Ì®¿²°±®¬¿¬·±² ×³°¿½¬ Í¬«¼§ Ð®»°¿®»¼ ¾§ Ð¿®¿¼·¹³ Ì®¿²°±®¬¿¬·±² Í±´«¬·±² Ô¬¼ò øÜ»½»³¾»® îððè÷ Ò±·» Ú»¿·¾·´·¬§ Í¬«¼§ Ð®±°±»¼ Î»·¼»²¬·¿´ Ü»ª»´±°³»²¬ô Í±«¬¸ Û¬¿¬» Í«¾¼·ª··±²ô Þ´»¿³ Î±¿¼ô Õ·¬½¸»²»®ô Ñ²¬¿®·± Ð®»°¿®»¼ ¾§ Ø±©» Ù¿¬³»·»® Ý¸¿°²·µ Ô·³·¬»¼ øÜ»½»³¾»® îððè÷ í ó íé Í¬¿¹» ïóí ß®½¸¿»±´±¹·½¿´ ß»³»²¬ô ïëíï Þ´»¿³ Î±¿¼ Ð®»°¿®»¼ ¾§ ß®½¸¿»±´±¹·½¿´ Î»»¿®½¸ ß±½·¿¬» Ô¬¼ò øÍ»°¬»³¾»® îððè÷ò ß ¶±·²¬ É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿² ©¿ °®»°¿®»¼ ¾§ ÙÍÐ Ù®±«° ¿²¼ Þ±«º·»´¼ ×²½ò ©¸·½¸ ´¿·¼ ±«¬ ¬¸» ¼»·¹² ±¾¶»½¬·ª» º±® ¬¸» ½±³¾·²»¼ ´¿²¼ô ¿ º±´´±©æ ïòÌ± º¿½·´·¬¿¬» ±®¼»®´§ ¿²¼ ½±±®¼·²¿¬»¼ ¼»ª»´±°³»²¬ ¾»¬©»»² ¬¸» °®±°»®¬·» ©·¬¸·² ¬¸» É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ Ý±³³«²·¬§å îòÌ± ¿°°®±°®·¿¬»´§ ·²½±®°±®¿¬» ¿²¼ ´·²µ ¬¸» É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ Ý±³³«²·¬§ ©·¬¸ ·¹²·º·½¿²¬ º»¿¬«®» ¿²¼ ¼»¬·²¿¬·±² ·² ¬¸» «®®±«²¼·²¹ ¿®»¿å íòÌ± »²«®» ¬¸¿¬ º«¬«®» ¼»·¹² ¿²¼ °´¿²²·²¹ »ºº±®¬ ±² ·³³»¼·¿¬»´§ ¿¼¶¿½»²¬ °®±°»®¬·» ¿®» ²±¬ ½±³°®·»¼ ¾§ °®±ª·¼·²¹ ¿°°®±°®·¿¬» ½±²²»½¬·±² ¿²¼ ·²¬»¹®¿¬·±² ¿¬ ¬¸» Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿² ¬¿¹»æ ìòÌ± »²«®» ¬¸¿¬ É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ Ý±³³«²·¬§ ¿½¸·»ª» ¬¸» Ý·¬§ «®¾¿² ¼»·¹² ±¾¶»½¬·ª» º±® Ù®»»²º·»´¼ ²»·¹¸¾±«®¸±±¼å ¿²¼ ëòÌ± »²«®» ¬¸¿¬ É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ Ý±³³«²·¬§ ¿½¸·»ª» ¬¸» Ð®±ª·²½·¿´ ¼»²·¬§ ¬¿®¹»¬ º±® Ù®»»²º·»´¼ ¿®»¿ò ×² ±®¼»® ¬± ¿½¸·»ª» ¬¸»» ±¾¶»½¬·ª»ô ·¹²·º·½¿²¬ ¿¬¬»²¬·±² ©¿ °¿·¼ ¬± ¬¸» Ð®±ª·²½·¿´ Ð±´·½§ Í¬¿¬»³»²¬ô ¬¸» îððê Ù®±©¬¸ Ð´¿² º±® ¬¸» Ù®»¿¬»® Ù±´¼»² Ø±®»¸±»ô Î»¹·±²¿´ Ñºº·½·¿´ Ð±´·½·» Ð´¿² øÎÑÐÐ÷ô ¬¸» ß´¼»® Ý®»»µ É¿¬»®¸»¼ Í¬«¼§ ¿²¼ Ë°°»® Í¬®¿¾«®¹ Ý®»»µ Í«¾©¿¬»®¸»¼ Ð´¿² Ë°¼¿¬»ô Õ·¬½¸»²»® Ó«²·½·°¿´ Ð´¿²ô ¿ ©»´´ ¿ ¬¸» Ý·¬§ Ü»·¹² Þ®·»º º±® Í«¾«®¾¿² Ü»ª»´±°³»²¬ ú Ó·¨»¼ Ë» Ò»·¹¸¾±«®¸±±¼ Ý»²¬®»ò ×² ¿¼¼·¬·±²ô ¬¸» º±´´±©·²¹ ½±²¬®¿·²¬ ¿ºº»½¬»¼ ¬¸» ¼»·¹² ±º ¬¸» É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ ½±³³«²·¬§æ Ø§¼®± ½±®®·¼±®æ ¿² ¿°°®±¨·³¿¬»´§ ìë ³»¬®» ©·¼» ½±®®·¼±® ½±²¬¿·²·²¹ ¸§¼®± ¬®¿²³··±² ´·²» ®«²²·²¹ ¼·¿¹±²¿´´§ ¬¸®±«¹¸ Ð¿®½»´ ß ¿²¼ Þ º®±³ ²±®¬¸©»¬ ¬± ±«¬¸»¿¬å Ù¿ ½±®®·¼±®æ ¿² ¿°°®±¨·³¿¬»´§ ïë ³»¬®» ©·¼» ½±®®·¼±® ½±²¬¿·²·²¹ ²¿¬«®¿´ ¹¿ ¬®¿²³··±² ´·²» ®«²²·²¹ ¹»²»®¿´´§ ²±®¬¸ ¬± ±«¬¸ ¬¸®±«¹¸ Ð¿®½»´ Þå É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ É±±¼æ ïë ¸»½¬¿®» »®·» ±º ©±±¼»¼ ¿²¼ ©»¬´¿²¼ ¿®»¿ ·² ¬¸» ±«¬¸»®² °±®¬·±² ±º ¬¸» Ý±³³«²·¬§ ½±²²»½¬·²¹ ¬± ¬¸» É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Ý»³»¬»®§ ¿²¼ ´¿²¼ ¬± ¬¸» ±«¬¸ ø®»°®»»²¬·²¹ ¿ °±®¬·±² ±º ¬¸» ¬±¬¿´ ¿®»¿ ±º ¬¸» É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ É±±¼ ¬¸¿¬ · ½±²¬¿·²»¼ ±² ´¿²¼ ¬± ¬¸» ©»¬ ¿²¼ ±«¬¸÷å Ú·½¸»®óØ¿´´³¿² ½±®®·¼±®æ ¿² ¿®¬»®·¿´ ¬®»»¬ ®«²²·²¹ ²±®¬¸ ¬± ±«¬¸ ¿´±²¹ ¬¸» »¿¬»®² »¼¹» ±º ¬¸» ½±³³«²·¬§ ¬¸¿¬ · ·²¬»²¼»¼ ¿ ¿ ³·¨»¼ó«» ½±®®·¼±® ©·¬¸ ¿ °«¾´·½ ¬®¿²·¬ º«²½¬·±²å Ø«®±² Ò¿¬«®¿´ ß®»¿æ ïðç ¸»½¬¿®» ¹®»»² °¿½» »¿¬ ±º Ú·½¸»®óØ¿´´³¿² Î±¿¼ ½±²·¬·²¹ ±º ©»¬´¿²¼ ¿²¼ °«¾´·½ ¬®¿·´ ¿²¼ º¿½·´·¬·»å É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Ý»³»¬»®§æ ´¿®¹» Ý·¬§ó±©²»¼ ±°»² °¿½» ¬¸¿¬ ½±²²»½¬ ¬¸» É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ Ý±³³«²·¬§ ¬± ¬¸» Ì®·´´·«³ Ý±³³«²·¬§ ¬± ¬¸» ±«¬¸å Ú´±±¼ °´¿·²æ º´±±¼°´¿·² ¿®»¿ ·² ¬¸» ²±®¬¸»¿¬ ½±®²»® ±º ¬¸» Ý±³³«²·¬§ ¿±½·¿¬»¼ ©·¬¸ í ó íè ¬¸» Ë°°»® Í¬®¿¾«®¹ Ý®»»µ ®»¿½¸å Í«®®±«²¼·²¹ Ý±³³«²·¬·»æ ½±±®¼·²¿¬·±² ©·¬¸ ½«®®»²¬ ¿²¼ º«¬«®» °´¿² º±® ¬¸» ½±³³«²·¬·» ·¼»²¬·º·»¼ ·² Í»½¬·±² îòî ±º ¬¸» É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿²å ¿²¼ Ü»²·¬§ ¬¿®¹»¬æ Ð®±ª·²½·¿´ ¼»²·¬§ ¬¿®¹»¬ ±º ëð ¶±¾ ¿²¼ ®»·¼»²¬ °»® ¸»½¬¿®» ¿²¼ ¬¸» Î»¹·±²¿´ ¼»²·¬§ ¬¿®¹»¬ ±º êð ¶±¾ ¿²¼ ®»·¼»²¬ °»® ¸»½¬¿®»ò Ì¸» º±´´±©·²¹ Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿² Ý±²½»°¬ ©¿ ¼»ª»´±°»¼ º±® ¬¸» É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ Ý±³³«²·¬§ô ¿²¼ ¾¿´¿²½»¼ ¬¸» ª¿®·±«ô Ð®±ª·²½·¿´ô Î»¹·±²¿´ ¿²¼ ´±½¿´ ±¾¶»½¬·ª» ©·¬¸ ¬¸» ½±²¬®¿·²¬ ²±¬»¼ ¸»®»·²ò Í¬±®³ É¿¬»® Ó¿²¿¹»³»²¬ É¸·´» ©» ¿®» ¹»²»®¿´´§ «°°±®¬·ª» ±º ¬¸» ª··±² º±® ¬¸» Í±«¬¸©»¬ Ë®¾¿² ß®»¿ ¿²¼ ¹»²»®¿´ ´¿²¼ «» ¼»·¹²¿¬·±² ®»´¿¬»¼ ¬± ±«® °»½·º·½ °®±°»®¬§ô ¸±©»ª»® ©» ®»³¿·² ½±²½»®²»¼ ¬¸¿¬ ¬¸» ß®»¿ í ¬±®³©¿¬»® ³¿²¿¹»³»²¬ øÍÉÓ÷ º¿½·´·¬·» ¸¿ª» ²±¬ ¾»»² ¿°°®±°®·¿¬»´§ ´±½¿¬»¼ò É·¬¸ ®»°»½¬ ¬± ±«® ±©² ´¿²¼ô ¬¸» ÍÉÓ °±²¼ ´±½¿¬»¼ ·² ¬¸» ±«¬¸ »²¼ ±º ¬¸» ·¬» ©¿ ¼»·¹²»¼ ©·¬¸ ¬¸» º±´´±©·²¹ ±¾¶»½¬·ª» ·² ³·²¼ô ©¸·½¸ ¿´± ¹»²»®¿´´§ ®»º´»½¬»¼ ¾§ ¬¸» ®»½±³³»²¼¿¬·±² °®»»²¬»¼ ±² Ð¿¹» îðç ±º ¬¸» Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿²æ ïòÓ¿·²¬¿·² ¬¸» °®»ó¼»ª»´±°³»²¬ ª±´«³»ô °¿¬¬»®² ¿²¼ ¯«¿´·¬§ ±º ¹®±«²¼©¿¬»® ¿²¼ «®º¿½» ©¿¬»® ·²°«¬ ¬± ¬¸» »¨·¬·²¹ ©»¬´¿²¼ ©·¬¸·² ¬¸» ±«¬¸ ©±±¼´±¬å í ó íç îòÎ»¬®·½¬ °«¾´·½ ¿½½» ¬± ¬¸» ±«¬¸ ©±±¼´±¬å íòßª±·¼ ®»¿®ó´±¬¬·²¹ ¿¼¶¿½»²¬ ¬± ¬¸» ±«¬¸ ©±±¼´±¬ò ìòß«¹³»²¬ ¸¿¾·¬¿¬ ±ºº»®»¼ ¾§ ¬¸» ±«¬¸ ©±±¼´±¬ ¬¸®±«¹¸ ¬¸» ½±²¬®«½¬·±² ±º ¿ ²¿¬«®¿´·¦»¼ °±²¼ô °´¿²¬·²¹ ±º ¬¸» ½«®®»²¬ º¿®³ ´¿²» ¬± ½®»¿¬» ¿ ½±²²»½¬·±² ¾»¬©»»² ¬¸» ±«¬¸ ¿²¼ ©»¬ ©±±¼´±¬ ¿²¼ ½®»¿¬» ¿ ¼»º·²»¼ ¬®¿·´ §¬»³ ±«¬·¼» ±º ¬¸» ©±±¼´±¬ ¬± ´·³·¬ ·²¬®«·±² ¾§ ¬¸» °«¾´·½ò Ì± ¬¸· »²¼ô ©» «°°±®¬ ¬¸» ®»´±½¿¬·±² ±º ÍÉÓ º¿½·´·¬·» ·² ¿½½±®¼¿²½» ©·¬¸ ±«® É·´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿² ½±²½»°¬ °®»»²¬»¼ ¸»®»·² ¿²¼ ±«® ¿±½·¿¬»¼ ¼®¿º¬ °´¿² ±º «¾¼·ª··±² ¿ «°°±®¬»¼ ¾§ ¬¸» ®»¯«·®»¼ ¬«¼·» ½±³°´»¬»¼ ¬¸¿¬ ¿½½±³°¿²·»¼ ±«® ¼»ª»´±°³»²¬ ¿°°´·½¿¬·±²ò Ì¸» ÍÉÓ º¿½·´·¬§ ´±½¿¬·±² ¿®»¿ ½±²·¬»²¬ ©·¬¸ Í»½¬·±² íòîòîò½ ±º ¬¸» Í±«¬¸©»¬ Õ·¬½¸»²»® Ë®¾¿² ß®»¿ Í¬«¼§ô °±·²¬ éô ·²¼·½¿¬» ¬¸¿¬ ¬¸» º·²¿´ ´±½¿¬·±² ¿²¼ ·¦·²¹ ±º ¬±®³©¿¬»® ³¿²¿¹»³»²¬ º¿½·´·¬·» · »¨°»½¬»¼ ¬± ¾» º«®¬¸»® ®»º·²»¼ ¿¬ ¬¸» ¼®¿º¬ °´¿² ¿°°®±ª¿´ ¬¿¹»ò Ì¸· · ®»ó»³°¸¿·¦»¼ ·² Í»½¬·±² íòîòíò¸ ·²¼·½¿¬·²¹ô Ú·²¿´ ¬±®³ ©¿¬»® ³¿²¿¹»³»²¬ º¿½·´·¬§ ´±½¿¬·±² ¿²¼ ·¦» ©·´´ ¾» ¼»¬»®³·²»¼ ¿¬ ¬¸» Ü®¿º¬ Ð´¿² ±º «¾¼·ª··±² ¬¿¹»ò Ý±²·¼»®¿¬·±² ¬± °¿®¬·¿´´§ ´±½¿¬» ±³» ±º ¬¸»» º¿½·´·¬·» ±² Ò¿¬«®¿´ Ø¿¦¿®¼ Ô¿²¼ ©·´´ ¾» º«®¬¸»® »¨°´±®»¼ ¬¸®±«¹¸ ¬¸» ¿°°®±°®·¿¬» ¬«¼·» ¿¬ ¬¸» ¿³» ¬·³»ò Ì¸» ÍÉÓ º¿½·´·¬§ ´±½¿¬·±² ¿ ¸±©² ±² ±«® É·´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿² ½±²½»°¬ ¿²¼ ±«® ¿±½·¿¬»¼ ¼®¿º¬ °´¿² ±º «¾¼·ª··±² ¿®» ¿´± ½±²·¬»²¬ ©·¬¸ ¬¸» ®»¯«·®»³»²¬ ±º Í»½¬·±² íòîòíò· Í°»½·¿´ Ð±´·½§ ß®»¿ ï É·´´¿³¾«®¹ É±±¼ ±º ¬¸» Í±«¬¸©»¬ Õ·¬½¸»²»® Ë®¾¿² ß®»¿ Í¬«¼§ò ß °»® ±«® ®»½»²¬ ¼·½«·±² ©·¬¸ Ý·¬§ Í¬¿ººô ¬¸»®» ©¿ ²± ½´»¿® »¨°´¿²¿¬·±² ¿ ¬± ¬¸» ®¿¬·±²¿´ º±® ´±½¿¬·²¹ ¬¸» ÍÉÓ º¿½·´·¬§ ±² ¬¸» Ý±±µ ´¿²¼ ¿ ¸±©² ±² ¬¸» Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ô¿²¼ Ë» Ð´¿²ò É» ¿´± ¸¿®» ·² ¬¸» ½±²½»®² »¨°®»»¼ ¾§ ÎÞÖ Í½¸´»¹»´ ©·¬¸ ®»¹¿®¼ ¬± ¬¸» ÍÉÓ º¿½·´·¬§ ¼»·¹²»¼ ¬± ¾» ©·¬¸·² ¬¸» º´±±¼°´¿·² ±º ¬¸» Ë°°»® Í¬®¿¾«®¹ Ý®»»µ ¾»¬©»»² Ú·½¸»®óØ¿´´³¿² Î±¿¼ ¿²¼ Þ´»¿³ Î±¿¼ò ß ¬¸· ¿®»¿ · ½«®®»²¬´§ ±°»² º¿®³ ´¿²¼ «²¼»® ½®±°ô ¬¸»®» · ²± »²ª·®±²³»²¬¿´ ·¹²·º·½¿²½» ¬± ·¬ ¼»·¹²¿¬·±² ¿ Ò¿¬«®¿´ Ø¿¦¿®¼ Ô¿²¼ò Ì¸» ·¬» ³¿§ ¾» ¿°°®±°®·¿¬»´§ ¼»·¹²¿¬»¼ ¸¿¦¿®¼ ´¿²¼ ¬± ®»º´»½¬ ¬¸» ¾¿½µ©¿¬»® º´±±¼·²¹ ½±²¼·¬·±² ¬¸¿¬ ½«®®»²¬´§ »¨·¬å ¸±©»ª»®ô ¬¸» ³¿° ½¸»¼«´» ½«®®»²¬´§ «¹¹»¬ ¿² »´»ª¿¬»¼ »²ª·®±²³»²¬¿´ ½±²¼·¬·±² ©¸·½¸ ¼±» ²±¬ ®»º´»½¬ ¬¸» »¨·¬·²¹ ·¬» ½±²¼·¬·±²ò ×² ®»½»²¬ ¼·½«·±² ©» ¸¿ª» ¸¿¼ ©·¬¸ ¬¸» Ù®¿²¼ Î·ª»® Ý±²»®ª¿¬·±² ß«¬¸±®·¬§ øÙÎÝß÷ô ¬¸»§ ¸¿ª» ½±²º·®³»¼ ¬¸»®» · ²± Ò¿¬«®¿´ Ø»®·¬¿¹» Ú»¿¬«®» ·¹²·º·½¿²½» ¬± ¬¸» º´±±¼°´¿·² ¿®»¿ ©»¬ ±º Ú·½¸»® Ø¿´´³¿² Î±¿¼ò Ú«®¬¸»®³±®» ¬¸» ÙÎÝß ¸¿ ®»½±³³»²¼»¼ ¬± ¬¸» Ý·¬§ ¬¸¿¬ ¬¸» ¹®»»² ½±´±®·²¹ ¾» ®»³±ª»¼ º®±³ ¬¸» º´±±¼°´¿·² ¿®»¿ ±² ¬¸» °´¿²ò Ì¸· ©·´´ ¿·¬ ·² ½´¿®·º§·²¹ ¬¸¿¬ ¬¸» º´±±¼°´¿·² ©»¬ ±º Ú·½¸»® Ø¿´´³¿² Î±¿¼ ±² ¬¸» ß®»¿ í ´¿²¼ · ¼»·¹²¿¬»¼ ¿ Ò¿¬«®¿´ Ø¿¦¿®¼ Ô¿²¼ ¿²¼ ²±¬ ¿ Ò¿¬«®¿´ Ø»®·¬¿¹» Ú»¿¬«®»ò Ð¿®µ ¿²¼ Í½¸±±´ Í·¬» É·¬¸ ®»¹¿®¼ ¬± ¬¸» ´±½¿¬·±² ±º °¿®µ ¿²¼ ½¸±±´ º¿½·´·¬·»ô ¬¸· · ¿ ½±³°´»¨ ·«»ô ¾¿»¼ ±² ¬¸» °®»»²½» ±º ¬¸» «²·±² ¹¿ »¿»³»²¬ ¿²¼ ¸§¼®± ´·²» ¿²¼ ¿±½·¿¬»¼ »¬¾¿½µ °®»º»®®»¼ ¾§ ¬¸» Þ±¿®¼ ±º Û¼«½¿¬·±²ò Þ¿»¼ ±² ¬¸»» ½±²¬®¿·²¬ ·¬ ©±«´¼ »»³ °®«¼»²¬ ¬¸¿¬ ¬¸» Ý·¬§ ¿²¼ ¬¸» Þ±¿®¼ ±º Û¼«½¿¬·±² ©±®µ ¬±¹»¬¸»® ¬± ·¼»²¬·º§ ¿ ·¬» ©¸·½¸ ³¿§ »®ª» ¿ ¿ ½±²±´·¼¿¬»¼ º¿½·´·¬§ ¬± ¿½½±³³±¼¿¬» »·¬¸»® ±® ¾±¬¸ °«¾´·½ ¿²¼ ½¿¬¸±´·½ »´»³»²¬¿®§ ½¸±±´ô ¿ ½±³³«²·¬§ ½»²¬®» ¿²¼ ´·¾®¿®§ò Í¬®¿¬»¹·½¿´´§ ´±½¿¬·²¹ «½¸ ¿ º¿½·´·¬§ ·² ¿ ´±½¿¬·±² ©¸·½¸ · ²±¬ °«²·¬·ª» ¬± ¿²§ ±²» ´¿²¼±©²»® ³¿§ °®±ª·¼» «²·¯«» ±°°±®¬«²·¬·» º±® »ºº·½·»²¬ «» ±º ±½·¿´ ·²º®¿¬®«½¬«®»ò í ó ìð Í±³» «¹¹»¬»¼ ¿´¬»®¿¬·±² ¬± ¬¸» ½«®®»²¬ Ô¿²¼ Ë» Í¬®«½¬«®» Ð´¿² ¿®» ¸±©² ¬± ¬¸» ®·¹¸¬ò Ì¸®±«¹¸ ¼·½«·±² ©·¬¸ ¬¿ºº ©» ¸¿ª» ¾»»² ¿¼ª·»¼ ¬¸¿¬ ¬¸» »¿¬ó©»¬ ½±´´»½¬±® ®±¿¼ ³¿§ ¾» ¸·º¬»¼ º«®¬¸»® ±«¬¸ ¬¸®±«¹¸ ¬¸» É·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ ´¿²¼ô ©¸·½¸ ³¿§ º«®¬¸»® ·³°®±ª» ¬¸» ½±²¼·¬·±² ©·¬¸ ®»°»½¬ ¬± ¬¸» ½¸±±´ ·¬»ò Ø±©»ª»®ô ¾¿»¼ ±² ¬¸» ½«®®»²¬ °´¿² ©» ©±«´¼ «¹¹»¬ ¬¸¿¬ ¬¸» ½¸±±´ ·¬» ¾» ¬©·²²»¼ ¿²¼ ¬¸¿¬ ¬¸» ²»·¹¸¾±«®¸±±¼ °¿®µ ¾» ¸·º¬»¼ ²±®¬¸ ±º ¬¸» ¸§¼®± ½±®®·¼±®ò Ì¸· ©±«´¼ ¿´´±© º±® °®»»®ª¿¬·±² ±º ¬¸» ·²º·´¬®¿¬·±² º»¿¬«®» ·² ¬¸· ´±½¿¬·±²ô ¿ ©»´´ ¿ ¿½½» º®±³ ¿´´ °±·²¬ ·² ¬¸» ½±³³«²·¬§ ª·¿ ¬¸» ·²¬»¹®¿¬»¼ ½±³³«²·¬§ ¬®¿·´ §¬»³ò Ì¸» ·¬» ©±«´¼ ¾» ·³³»¼·¿¬»´§ ¿¼¶¿½»²¬ ¬± ¬¸» »¨·¬·²¹ ½¸«®½¸ ±°»®¿¬·²¹ ±² ¬¸» ·²¬·¬«¬·±²¿´ ¾´±½µ ¿´±²¹ Þ´»¿³ Î±¿¼ò Ô¿²¼ º®±²¬·²¹ ¬¸» »¿¬ó©»¬ ½±´´»½¬±® ½±«´¼ ¬¸»² ¾» ¼»·¹²¿¬»¼ º±® Ô±© Î·» Î»·¼»²¬·¿´ î «»ô ³¿µ·²¹ »ºº·½·»²¬ «» ±º °´¿²²»¼ ·²º®¿¬®«½¬«®» ¿´±²¹ ¬¸· ®·¹¸¬ ±º ©¿§ò Í°»½·¿´ Ð±´·½§ ß®»¿ Ì¸» Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿² ·´´«¬®¿¬» ¿ Í°»½·¿´ Ð±´·½§ ß®»¿ ï ¿½®± ¬¸» ±«¬¸»®´§ ¯«¿®¬»® ±º ¬¸» Í±«¬¸ Û¬¿¬»ñÉ·´´·¿³¾«®¹ Í±«¬¸ ´¿²¼ ¾»¬©»»² ¬¸» ©»¬»®² °®±°»®¬§ ´·²» ±º ¬¸» Í±«¬¸ Û¬¿¬» °®±°»®¬§ ¿²¼ Ú·½¸»®óØ¿´´³¿² Î±¿¼ò Ì¸» ½±²½»®² ¬¸¿¬ ©» ¸¿ª» ©·¬¸ ®»¹¿®¼ ¬± ¬¸· ¼»·¹²¿¬·±² · ¬¸¿¬ ·¬ · ¾¿»¼ ±² ¬¸» Ý·¬§ ½±²«´¬¿²¬ ·²¬»®°®»¬¿¬·±² ±º ¼»¬¿·´»¼ Û²ª·®±²³»²¬¿´ ×³°¿½¬ Í¬«¼·» ½±³°´»¬»¼ ±² ¾»¸¿´º ±º ×¿² Ý±±µ Ý±²¬®«½¬·±² Ô¬¼ò ¿²¼ ÎÞÖ Í½¸´»¹»´ Ø±´¼·²¹ ×²½ò ¾§ ¬¸»·® ®»°»½¬·ª» ½±²«´¬¿²¬ ·² «°°±®¬ ±º ±«® ¼»ª»´±°³»²¬ ¿°°´·½¿¬·±²ò Ì¸» ´¿²¼±©²»® ½±²«´¬¿²¬ ¸¿ª» ¿´± «²¼»®¬¿µ»² ¿¼¼·¬·±²¿´ ¿³°¸·¾·¿² «®ª»§ô °»®³·¬¬»¼ ¬®¿°°·²¹ ¿²¼ ³±ª»³»²¬ ¬«¼·» ¿²¼ ®»°±®¬»¼ ¬¸»» º·²¼·²¹ ¬± ¬¸» Ó·²·¬®§ ±º Ò¿¬«®¿´ Î»±«®½» øÓÒÎ÷ò Ì¸» Ý·¬§ ½±²«´¬¿²¬ ¸¿ª» ²±¬ ¾»»² °®·ª§ ¬± ¬¸· ·²º±®³¿¬·±²ò Ý±²½´«·±² ¼®¿©² ¾§ ¬¸»» ¿¼¼·¬·±²¿´ ¬«¼·» ¿²¼ ½±³³«²·½¿¬·±² ¿²¼ ¿¹®»»³»²¬ ©·¬¸ ÓÒÎ ¬¿ºº ®»¹¿®¼·²¹ º·²¼·²¹ ±º ¬¸» ´¿²¼±©²»® ½±²«´¬¿²¬ ¿®» ²±¬ ®»º´»½¬»¼ ·² ¬¸» Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿² ®»°±®¬ò Ú«®¬¸»®ô ¬¸®±«¹¸ ¬¸» ¿ª¿·´¿¾´» °»®³·¬¬·²¹ ¿²¼ ¼®¿º¬ °´¿² ¿°°®±ª¿´ °®±½»ô ¬¸» ÓÒÎ ½¿² ³±®» ¿°°®±°®·¿¬»´§ »¨»®½·» ·¬» ´»ª»´ °®±¬»½¬·±² ±º ¬¸» °»½·» ¬¸®±«¹¸ ¬¸»» °®±½»»ò Ñ² ¬¸· ¾¿· ¿²¼ °¿®¬·½«´¿®´§ ·² ´·¹¸¬ ±º ¬¸» »¨¬»²·ª» º·»´¼ ©±®µ ½±³°´»¬»¼ ¬± «°°±®¬ ±«® ½«®®»²¬ ¿°°´·½¿¬·±²ô ©» ¼± ²±¬ º»»´ ¬¸¿¬ Í°»½·¿´ Ð±´·½§ ß®»¿ ï · ®»¯«·®»¼ ¿²¼ ¸±«´¼ ¾» ®»³±ª»¼ º®±³ ¬¸» Ý±³³«²·¬§ Ð´¿² ³¿°°·²¹ò Ø¿ª·²¹ ·¬ ¸±©² ±² ¬¸» ³¿°°·²¹ ·²¿°°®±°®·¿¬»´§ ·²¬»®º»®» ©·¬¸ ¸·¹¸ó´»ª»´ ½±³³«²·¬§ °´¿²²·²¹ ¹±¿´ ±º ¬¸» Ó¿¬»® Ð´¿² ò Ì¸· ·«» ©·´´ ¾» ³±®» »ºº»½¬·ª»´§ ¼»¿´¬ ©·¬¸ ©¸»®» ¬¸» Ý·¬§ô ¬¸» ÓÒÎ ¿²¼ ¬¸» ß®»¿ í °®±°»®¬§ ±©²»® ½¿² ³»»¬ ¬± ®»ª·»©ô ·² ¼»¬¿·´ô ¬¸» »¨¬»²·ª» º·»´¼ ©±®µ ½±³°´»¬»¼ò Ì¸· ©¿ «¹¹»¬»¼ ¾§ Ý·¬§ Í¬¿ºº ¿¬ ¿ ®»½»²¬ ³»»¬·²¹ ¿²¼ ©·´´ ¾» ³«½¸ ³±®» »ºº»½¬·ª» ·² ¼»¬»®³·²·²¹ ¬¸» ¾»¬ ¿°°®±¿½¸ ±² ¬¸» °»½·¿´ °±´·½§ñ¸¿¾·¬¿¬ ·«» ¿²¼ ©» «°°±®¬ ¬¸· ¿°°®±¿½¸ò í ó ìï Ù»²»®¿´ Ý±³³»²¬ ×¬ ©±«´¼ ¾» ±«® °®»º»®»²½» ¬¸¿¬ ©» ¿®» »²«®»¼ ¿ ®±¿¼ ½±²²»½¬·±² ¬± Þ´»¿³ Î±¿¼ º®±³ ¬¸» Í±«¬¸ Û¬¿¬» ´¿²¼ ·² ±®¼»® ¬¸¿¬ ¬¸»®» · ¬¸» ¿¾·´·¬§ ¬± ¼»·¹² ¿ ½±²²»½¬»¼ô ¿½½»·¾´» ½±³³«²·¬§ô ®»º´»½¬·ª» ±º ±«® ¼®¿º¬ °´¿² ±º «¾¼·ª··±²ò ß ´±½¿¬·±² ·³³»¼·¿¬»´§ »¿¬ ±º ¬¸» ½¸«®½¸ ±² Þ´»¿³ Î±¿¼ °®±ª·¼» «ºº·½·»²¬ ·¹¸¬ ´·²» ¿ ½±²º·®³»¼ ¾§ ¬¸» ¬®¿²°±®¬¿¬·±² ·³°¿½¬ ¬«¼§ °®»°¿®»¼ ¾§ Ð¿®¿¼·¹³ Ì®¿²°±®¬¿¬·±² Í±´«¬·±² Ô·³·¬»¼ ±² ±«® ¾»¸¿´ºò ×¬ ³¿§ ¾» ¿°°®±°®·¿¬» º±® ¬¸» Ý·¬§ ¬± ·¼»²¬·º§ ·² Í»½¬·±² íòîòì¾ ±º ¬¸» ®»°±®¬ô ©¸»®» ¾¿½µó´±¬¬·²¹ ©·´´ ¾» ½±²·¼»®»¼ ¿°°®±°®·¿¬» ¾¿»¼ ±² »¨·¬·²¹ ¾«·´¼·²¹ º±®³ ø·ò»ò ¿´±²¹ Þ´»¿³ Î±¿¼ ¾»¬©»»² Ú·½¸»®ó Ø¿´´³¿² Î±¿¼ ¿²¼ ×¿·¿¸ Ü®·ª»÷ò É±«´¼ §±« °´»¿» ½´¿®·º§ ·º ïê³ ®·¹¸¬ ±º ©¿§ ©·´´ ¾» °»®³·¬¬»¼ ¾§ ¬¸» Ý·¬§ ¾¿»¼ ±² ¬¸» ®»½»²¬ ¼»ª»´±°³»²¬ ±º ¬¸» «¾¼·ª··±² ¼»·¹² ³¿²«¿´ ©¸·½¸ ®»³±ª»¼ ¬¸· ®±¿¼ ©·¼¬¸ º®±³ ²»© ¼»ª»´±°³»²¬á ×² ¬¸» ¿¾»²½» ±º ¾±¬¸ ¬¸» ¬®¿²°±®¬¿¬·±² ½±³°±²»²¬ ¿²¼ ßÓÛÝ ¬±®³©¿¬»® ³¿²¿¹»³»²¬ ½±³°±²»²¬ ±º ¬¸» »®ª·½·²¹ ¬«¼§ô ·¬ ®»³¿·² ¼·ºº·½«´¬ ¬± °®±ª·¼» ½±³³»²¬ ±² ¬¸»» »´»³»²¬ ±º ¬¸» ¾¿½µ¹®±«²¼ ©±®µ ©¸·½¸ ½±²¬®·¾«¬» ¬± ¬¸» Ô¿²¼ Ë» Í¬®«½¬«®» Ð´¿²ò É» «°°±®¬ ¬¸» ¼·¬®·¾«¬·±² ±º ®»¬¿·´ñ»³°´±§³»²¬ «» ¿´±²¹ ¬¸» Ú·½¸»®óØ¿´´³¿² Î±¿¼ ½±®®·¼±®ò É» ¾»´·»ª» ¬¸¿¬ ¬¸» Þ±¿®¼ ±º Û¼«½¿¬·±² ¸¿ª» ±ª»®ó»¬·³¿¬»¼ ¬¸» ¬«¼»²¬ ¹»²»®¿¬·±² º®±³ ¬¸» ¬«¼§ ¿®»¿ô ¾¿»¼ ±² ±«® µ²±©´»¼¹» ±º ¬¸» ·²¬»²¼»¼ ´¿²¼ «» º±®³ ¿´±²¹ Ú·½¸»®óØ¿´´³¿² Î±¿¼ ¿²¼ ¿±½·¿¬»¼ ¼»²·¬·» ø©¸·½¸ ¼±²¬ ¬®¿¼·¬·±²¿´´§ «°°±®¬ ¬«¼»²¬ ¹»²»®¿¬·±²÷ô ¿²¼ ¬¸» °´¿²²»¼ ¿¼«´¬ ½±³³«²·¬§ ±² ¬¸» ÎÞÖ Í½¸´»¹»´ Ø±´¼·²¹ ×²½ò °®±°»®¬§ ©¸·½¸ ©·´´ ²±¬ ¹»²»®¿¬» ¬«¼»²¬ò ß½½±®¼·²¹´§ô ¬¸»®» ³¿§ ¾» ¿ ·¹²·º·½¿²¬ ®»¼«½¬·±² ·² ¬¸» ²«³¾»® ±º °«°·´ °´¿½» ®»¯«·®»¼ ¬± »®ª·½» ¬¸» Ì®«´»® Ò±®¬¸»¿¬ ¿®»¿ò ß °®»ª·±«´§ ¼·½«»¼ô ½±²±´·¼¿¬·²¹ ¬¸» Ò»·¹¸¾±«®¸±±¼ ×²¬·¬«¬·±²¿´ ¼»·¹²¿¬·±² ·²¬± ¿ ·²¹´» ½¿¬»¹±®§ ©·¬¸ °»½·º·½ ²±¬¿¬·±² º±® °´¿²²»¼ «»ô ©±«´¼ °®±ª·¼» ½±²·¬»²½§ ©·¬¸ ¬¸» ¬»¨¬ ±º ¬¸» ®»°±®¬ô °»½·º·½¿´´§ ¿ ·¬ ®»´¿¬» ¬± ¿´¬»®²¿¬·ª» ´¿²¼ «»ò É» ¬®«¬ ¬¸¿¬ ¬¸» ½±³³»²¬ ¸»®»·² ©·´´ ¾» ½±²·¼»®»¼ ¾§ ¬¸» Ý·¬§ ·² ¬¸» °®»°¿®¿¬·±² ±º ¬¸» º·²¿´ ®»°±®¬ ¬ º±® ½±²·¼»®¿¬·±² ¾§ ¬¸» Ð´¿²²·²¹ ú Í¬®¿¬»¹·½ ×²·¬·¿¬·ª» Ý±³³·¬¬»» ±² Ó¿®½¸ îï ¿²¼ «¾»¯«»²¬ ¬¸ Ý±«²½·´ ½±²·¼»®¿¬·±² ±² Ó¿®½¸ îèò Í¸±«´¼ §±« ®»¯«·®» ½´¿®·º·½¿¬·±² ®»´¿¬»¼ ¬± ¿²§ ±º ¬¸» ½±³³»²¬ °®±ª·¼»¼ ¸»®»·²ô °´»¿» ¼± ²±¬ ¸»·¬¿¬» ¬± ½±²¬¿½¬ ±«® ±ºº·½»ò Í·²½»®»´§ô ×¿² Ý±±µ Ý±²¬®«½¬·±² Ô¬¼ò Ö»²²·º»® Ð¿§ô ÞÛÍô ÓÝ×Ðô ÎÐÐ Ü·®»½¬±® ±º Ü»ª»´±°³»²¬ ½½æ Ó®ò Þ®«½» Õ»¬½¸»±²ô Î·¬½¸·» Õ»¬½¸»±² Ø¿®¬ ú Þ·¹¹¿®¬ ÔÔÐ Ó®ò Ð»¬»® Í³·¬¸ô ÞÑËÍÚ×ÛÔÜÍ ×²½ò Ó®ò Ý¸®· Ñª»®¸±´¬ô Í¬¿²¬»½ í ó ìî í ó ìí í ó ìì í ó ìë í ó ìê í ó ìé March 21/11 Draft 3.2.3.i Special Policy Areas Special Policy Area 1 Williamsburg Woods In accordance with the recommendations of the Alder Creek and Upper Strasburg Creek watershed/subwatershed studies, a minimum 30 m buffer is required for core environmental features. The linkage connection between this natural heritage feature and the Huron Natural Area to the east has also been provided for, as shown on the Open Space Structure Plan (page 206). The location and width of the linkage connection should be based on the following: A practical interpretation of the species dispersal (plants, wildlife) functions between landscape habitat patches in the study area (both current and post-restoration); Application of the recommended linkage connection in the Alder Creek and Upper Strasburg Creek studies; and, Draft MNR regulated habitat mapping for Jefferson salamander (Ambystoma jeffersonianum). Future development applications on lands adjacent to the natural heritage system will be subject to an EIS that demonstrates conformity with the policies of the PPS. Opportunities for integrating compatible open space uses as part of the linkage connection can be considered as part of the EIS. To strengthen the linkage connection between the Williamsburg Woods core environmental area and the Huron Natural Area, the corridor should be naturalized with native plant species indicative of the landscape setting. The width of the naturalized portion of the corridor will be further defined through the Secondary Plan and development application phases. Special Policy Area 2 Huron Natural Area The Huron Natural Area is one of the largest, intact natural heritage features in the City of Kitchener and the Region of Waterloo. The limit of the NHS in this area was defined by the Middle Strasburg Creek Environmental Study. High order natural heritage features such as the mosaic of habitats that comprise the Huron Natural Area require appropriate buffers and enhancements for long term protection, in keeping with the natural heritage policies of the Provincial Policy Statement. Future development applications on adjacent lands will be required to complete an EIS to confirm buffer requirements, restoration/enhancement opportunities, potential impacts and mitigating measures and the appropriateness of any stormwater management facilities. The EIS must demonstrate that the development application fully comply with the natural heritage policies of í ó ìè the PPS, as well as all applicable Municipal and Regional Official Plan policies and GRCA Regulations/Guidelines. Special Policy Area 3 Outlier Wetlands A series of small, outlier wetlands occur in the centre of the study area. These wetlands have been evaluated by MNR (non-PSW) and are part of an east-west linkage connection between the Williamsburg Woods and the central woodlots. The wetlands also function as “significant groundwater recharge areas”. A minimum 30 m buffer is recommended to protect and enhance these habitat features, and to strengthen the linkage connection between natural heritage features across the study area. The final width/shape of the linkage connection between the wetland parcels will be determined through the Secondary Plan process and/or an EIS. The linkage connection (and buffers) should be naturalized with native plant species indicative of the landscape setting Future development applications on lands adjacent to the natural heritage system will be subject to an EIS that demonstrates conformity with the policies of the PPS. Opportunities for integrating compatible open space uses as part of the linkage connection can be considered as part of the EIS. Special Policy Area 4 Significant Recharge Areas All groundwater recharge areas are to be further analyzed as requested by the Region of Waterloo. This analysis may include modeling and will help determine the final size, shape and location of these areas in relation to their function and importance to municipal water targets and wellhead proximity. Existing recharge areas may have different functions. The significant recharge areas must be confirmed prior to the finalization of land use. These areas should be connected to the overall Open Space System. Considerations may include a system of trails and the preservation of key views and vistas. It is recommended that a minimum of 50% of their perimeter is open to the community or located next to school, storm water management or park facility to facility pedestrian circulation and provide a safe environment according to CPTED requirements. Special Policy Area 5 Stormwater Management Areas A comprehensive stormwater management scheme requires further analysis, refinement and direction as part of the Secondary Plan process. í ó ìç