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HomeMy WebLinkAboutDSD-2026-046 - Notice of Intention to Designate 1254 Untion Street under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act Development Services Department www.kitchener.ca REPORT TO: Heritage Kitchener DATE OF MEETING: February 3, 2026 SUBMITTED BY: Garett Stevenson, Director of Development and Housing Approvals, 519-783-8922 PREPARED BY: Deeksha Choudhry, Heritage Planner, 519-783-8906 Victoria Grohn, Heritage Planner, 519-783-8912 WARD(S) INVOLVED: Ward 10 DATE OF REPORT: January 12, 2026 REPORT NO.: DSD-2026-046 SUBJECT: Notice of Intention to Designate 1254 Union Street under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act RECOMMENDATION: That pursuant to Section 29 of the Ontario Heritage Act, the Clerk be directed to publish a Notice of Intention to Designate the property municipally addressed as 1254 Union Street as being of cultural heritage value or interest. REPORT HIGHLIGHTS: The purpose of this report is to request that Council direct the Clerk to publish a Notice of Intention to Designate the property municipally addressed as 1254 Union Street under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act. The key finding of this report is that property municipally addressed as 1254 Union Street, in particular the portions of the original warehouse building and former machine shop meets the criteria for designation under Ontario Regulation 9/06 (amended by Ontario Regulation 569/22) and has been confirmed to be a significant cultural heritage resource. This property is recognized for its design/physical, historical/associative, and contextual values. There are no financial implications with this recommendation. Community engagement included informing residents by posting this report with the agenda in advance of the Heritage Kitchener committee meeting, providing written correspondence to the property owner, and consulting with Heritage Kitchener. In addition, should Council choose to give notice of its intention to designate, such notice will be served to the Owner and the Ontario Heritage Trust. This report supports the delivery of core services *** This information is available in accessible formats upon request. *** Please call 519-741-2345 or TTY 1-866-969-9994 for assistance. BACKGROUND: 1254 Union Street includes a two-storey warehouse building, two single storey buildings to the east, a temporary structure to the southeast and various landscape components situated on a 5.65 acres of land located on the south side of Union Street just before Union Street turns into Sereda Road (Fig. 1). The subject property is located in the Northward Planning Community in the City of Kitchener within the Region of Waterloo. Figure 1. Location Map 1254 Union Street A Site Plan application for the subject property was submitted for the property in 2023, and a Scoped Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA) was required as part of that site plan application. The HIA was presented to Heritage Kitchener at its August 1, 2023, meeting. The site plan application proposed the construction of a storage facility on the subject property. The heritage evaluation of the subject property included within the HIA concluded that the property only met one (1) out of nine (9) criteria under Ontario Regulation 9/06. However, staff had a differing opinion, concluding that the property met five (5) out of nine (9) criteria, and warranted designation under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act. The designation of the property was made a condition of final site plan approval for the subject property. Upon further communication with the applicant, it was decided that designation will be pursued once the construction on the maintenance facility had been completed. Per standard procedure, should Council support the Notice of Intention to Designate, Owners will be contacted through a Notice of Intention to Designate (NOID) Letter. An ad for the NOID will also be published in a newspaper. Once the letter is served and the ad posted, there will be a 30-day appeal period in which Owners could object to the designation. REPORT: Identifying and protecting cultural heritage resources within the City of Kitchener is an important part of planning for the future, and helping to guide change while conserving the buildings, structures, and landscapes that give the City of Kitchener its unique identity. The City plays a critical role in the conservation of cultural heritage resources. The designation of property under the Ontario Heritage Act is the main tool to provide long-term protection of cultural heritage resources for future generations. Designation recognizes the value; encourages good stewardship and conservation; and promotes knowledge and understanding about the property. Designation not only publicly recognizes and promotes awareness, but it also provides a process for ensuring that changes to a property are appropriately managed and that these changes respect the pr value and interest. Figure 2. Front and Side Elevation of original former Warehouse Building. 1254 Union Street is recognized for its design/physical, significant historical/associative, and contextual values (Fig. 2). It satisfies five (5) of the nine (9) criteria for designation under Ontario Regulation 9/06 (amended by Ontario Regulation 569/22). A summary of the criteria that is met or not met is provided in the table below. Even though the property as a whole was evaluated against O. Reg 9/06 and there have been many alterations since these building were first constructed, specific portions of the buildings were identified by staff as having cultural heritage interest of value: The main original 1902 former warehouse building, along with the wings on the warehouse building (1904-1923) portion; and Former machine shop (1902). Criteria Criteria Met (Yes/No) 1. The property has design value or physical value because it is a Yes rare, unique, representative or early example of a style, type, material, or construction method. 2. The property has design value or physical value because it No displays a high degree of craftsmanship or artistic merit. 3. The property has design or physical value because it No demonstrates a high degree of technical or scientific achievement. 4. The property has historical value or associative value because it Yes has direct associations with a theme, event, belief, person, activity, organization or institution that is significant to a community. 5. The property has historical or associative value because it Yes yields, or has the potential to yield, information that contributes to an understanding of a community or culture. 6. The property has historical value or associative value because it Yes demonstrates or reflects the work or ideas of an architect, artist, builder, designer or theorist who is significant to a community. 7. The property has contextual value because it is important in No defining, maintaining or supporting the character of an area. 8. The property has contextual value because it is physically, Yes functionally, visually, or historically linked to its surroundings. 9. The property has contextual value because it is a landmark. No Design/Physical Value Original Former Warehouse Building The subject property has design value because it is a representative and unique example of the Industrial Vernacular architectural style with Spanish Eclectic influences (Fig. 3). It is two storeys in height, and still contains many of its original elements including but not limited to; main hip roof, yellow and red brick including decorative details; brick pilasters between bays; segmentally arched window openings with brick voussoirs, and exterior archways. The Spanish Eclectic influences can be seen in the project portico of the building, with the arched parapet, brick voussoirs, and brick pilasters at each end of the portico. The main building was constructed in 1902 and has had many alterations done to it over the years. The protruding portico to the building is not original, and was most likely constructed between 2003 and 2006, along with the addition immediately behind it that was built with tan brick construction, with brick pilasters on each side and a parapet at the top. The addition covered most of the front façade of the original building, leaving only a bay of windows on each side of the original façade visible from the street. There is a single-storey addition on each side of the building that was constructed between 1904 and 1925. Figure 3. Front Façade of the Former Warehouse Building with Spanish Eclectic Influences. Former Machine Shop The original portion of the Former Machine Shop was built in 1902, with an addition that was constructed between 2017 and 2018 (Fig. 4). The building is one-storey in height, of tan brick construction with a hipped roof and arched windows. Figure 4. Former Machine Shop The history of the subject property is quite complex, with many additions and removals throughout the years. The main warehouse building, and the former machine shop are the only two remaining buildings from the original complex that was first built in the early 1900s. The 1894, revised 1904 Fire Insurance Plan showed that the processing factory was one- third of a mile long when it was occupied by the Ontario Sugar Company and included eleven (11) buildings in its entire complex. Out of these buildings, building No. 2 (former warehouse) and building no. 5 (former machine shop) are the only two buildings still standing today. Figure 5. Excerpt from the 1904 Fire Insurance Map. Building No. 2 is highlighted in red, and Building No. 5 is highlighted in green. -storey main plant on the property and was seen as a 1909 the Ontario Sugar Company was declared bankrupt and the operations on the subject property was taken over by the Dominion Sugar Company. They operated out of the subject property until 1923. The 1925 Fire Insurance Plans noted a number of changes on the factory site. Since then, the subject property has changed ownership many times, with many different businesses operating out of the subject property. In 2005, the warehouse building was renovated by the owner at the time to serve as a private resident that was inspired by the -walk in Northern Spain, which is where Historical/Associative Value The property has associative value because it has direct associations with the Ontario Sugar Company, the Breithaupt family in its operations, and Ebenezer Herrick Dyer (E.H. Dyer Co.) in the design of the original factory buildings. In 1901, local businessmen were considering the idea of establishing a sugar-beet factory in Berlin (present-day Kitchener). To assess the cultivation of sugar-beets in Waterloo, several experiments were conducted in the same year, and many incentives were given to investors and farmers in the form of bonuses, tax exemptions, and grants to purchase th farmland. On December 26, 1901, Samuel Williams, who was the president of the Berlin Board of Trade, announced that the Ontario Sugar Company had elected Berlin to build its new half-million dollar sugar beet factory. In 1902, the Ontario Sugar Company finalized its purchase to buy 69 acres of farmland in the Township of Waterloo, with 49 acres being from Daniel Fries and 20 acres being from the Breithaupt Family. Operations of the factory were strategically supported by its proximity to the Grand River, which was used to deliver 5 million gallons of water daily to the factory, and the Grand Trunk Railway which was accessible via the establishment of six brank lines on the property. were also involved in establishing the company in Berlin. They were well known in the community, and their contributions were highly significant to the development of Kitchener. J.C. Breithaupt and W.H. Breithaupt were the director and the president, respectively, of the Ontario Sugar Company at the time of the closure of the company. The design and construction of the factory was contracted to E.H. Dyer Company of Cleveland. The company was founded by Ebenezer Herrick Dyer. He established the first th successful sugar beet plant in the United States in the latter half of the 19 century. He was also responsible for the construction and design of over fifty (50) sugar refining Even though the building has undergone many alterations over the years, this building is one of the last remaining from the original complex that was initially constructed, and some of the original architectural elements still remain intact and visible today. The property also has associative value because it has potential to yield information th regarding the rapid economic and industrial expansion of Berlin at the end of the 19 th century and beginning of the 20 century. Berlin (now Kitchener) was experiencing major economic development during time, with the establishment of many industrial companies. The establishment of the Ontario Sugar Company also significantly contributed towards this factory represented the first sugar that was produced using Canadian beets. Furthermore, operating the plant created hundreds of permanent and seasonal jobs. In 2005, the property was operated by an award-winning, European inspired event venue. Ron Doyle, a local visionary, community builder, entrepreneur, and philanthropist was behind the transformation. The project was inspired by the 800 kilometre Camino de Santiago pilgrimage Doyle completed in Spain in 2001. Doyle was also behind Lot 42, a local event space for high profile gatherings, and A Better Tent City, a small community of vulnerable residents in individual cabins. Most recently, the property was occupied by the Hacienda Sarria Market Garden, operated by the Working Centre. The Hacienda Sarria Market Garden was a volunteer-driven initiative to develop an inclusive, hands-on learning environment to demonstrate, promote, and share knowledge about sustainable local food production and environmental stewardship. Contextual Value The property has contextual value because it is physically, functionally, visually, and historically linked to its surroundings. The buildings remain in their original location and are still located in close proximity to the Grand River. This strategic location of the factory so close to the Grand River at the time of its establishment contributes to its contextual value even though the surrounding landscape has seen immense change in the years since. The factory was situated close to the Grand Trunk Railway. The railway was used to bring beets from farms to the refinery, and the river was used to power the refinery and discharge effluent. The factory was built on a slight rise of land providing it prominence in the landscape. Heritage Attributes The heritage attributes of 1254 Union Street reside in the following attributes: All elements related to the construction and Industrial vernacular architectural style with Spanish eclectic influences of the main original 1902 former warehouse building, along with the wings on the warehouse building (1904-1923) portion; and former machine shop (1902): o The location, massing and scale of the original 1902 former warehouse building with the wings (1904-1923) and the former machine shop (1902); o The style and appearance of the main hip roof; o Flat and shed rooflines on the wings of the original warehouse; o Yellow and red brick construction including decorative details on all facades; o Brick pilasters between bays; o Segmentally arched window openings with brick voussoirs; o Various arched window openings; o Two-storey front entrance portico with parapet; o Segmentally arched door openings with brick voussoirs; o Exterior archways; and o Flat headed door openings with timber lintels All elements related to the construction and architectural style of the original former machine shop (1902) (excluding the later addition): o The location, massing and scale of the former machine shop; o Yellow and red brick construction; o The style and appearance of the hip roof; o Arched window openings with brick voussoirs; o Arched door openings with brick voussoirs; All elements related to its contextual value of the buildings: o The original location of the original former warehouse and former machine shop on the subject property, and its contribution to the Union Street streetscape. STRATEGIC PLAN ALIGNMENT: This report supports the delivery of core services. FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS: Capital Budget The recommendation has no impact on the Capital Budget. Operating Budget The recommendation has no impact on the Operating Budget. COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT: INFORM genda in advance of the Heritage Kitchenercommittee meeting. CONSULT Heritage Planning staff have consulted with the Heritage Kitchener committee regarding designation under the Ontario Heritage Act. Property owners were invited to consult via two separate letters dated May 23, 2023 and January 16, 2024. Section 29(2) of the Ontario Heritage Act requires Council to consult with the Municipal Heritage Committee (Heritage Kitchener) before giving notice of its intention to designate a property. Heritage Kitchener will be consulted via circulation and consideration of this report (see INFORM above). Members of the community will be informed via circulation of this report to Heritage Kitchener and via formal consideration by Council. In addition, should Council choose to give notice of its intention to designate, such notice will be served on the property owner and the Ontario Heritage Trust, and published in the local newspaper (The Record). Once notice has been served, the owner has the right of appeal to the Ontario Land Tribunal. It should be noted that should Council decide not to proceed Heritage Register until January 1, 2027, after which it will be removed according to the changes enacted by Bill 23. Once removed, it cannot re-listed on the Register again for five (5) years, i.e. January 1, 2032. PREVIOUS REPORTS/AUTHORITIES: Ontario Heritage Act, 2022 Draft Scoped Heritage Impact Assessment 1254 Union Street, Construction of a Maintenance Facility DSD-2023-316 REVIEWED BY: Sandro Bassanese, Manager of Site Plan APPROVED BY: Justin Readman, General Manager, Development Services Department ATTACHMENTS: Attachment A Updated Statement of Significance for 1254 Union Street Attachment B Scoped Heritage Impact Assessment 1254 Union Street STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE 1254 UNION STREET Summary of Significance Social Value Design/Physical Value Historical Value Economic Value Contextual Value Environmental Value Municipal Address: 1254 Union Street Legal Description: GCT Lot 59 Part Lot 1 &10; 58R-1977 Part Lot 1, 2 & 8 Year Built: 1904, with various additions Architectural Styles: Industrial Vernacular with Spanish Eclectic Influences Original Owner: Ontario Sugar Company Original Use: Beet Sugar Factory (Warehouse) Condition: Good Description of Cultural Heritage Resource th 1254 Union Street is a two-storey early 20 century yellow and red brick former warehouse built in the Industrial Vernacular architectural style with Spanish Eclectic influences. The building is situated on a 5.63 acre parcel of land located on the north side of Union Street just before Union turns into Sereda Road in the Northward Planning Community in the City of Kitchener within the Region of Waterloo. The principal resource that contributes to the heritage value is the original former warehouse building and the former machine shop. Heritage Value 1254 Union Street is recognized for its design, contextual, historic and associative values. Design/Physical Value The buildings have design/physical value because they are a unique and representative example of the Industrial Vernacular architectural style, with the original former warehouse building having Spanish Eclectic Influences. The history of the subject property is quite complex, with many additions and removals throughout the years. The main warehouse building and the former machine shop are the only two remaining buildings from the original complex that was first built in the early 1900s. The 1894, revised 1904 Fire Insurance Plan showed that the processing factory was one-third of a mile long when it was occupied by the Ontario Sugar Company, and included eleven (11) buildings in its entire complex. Out of these buildings, building No. 2 and building no. 5 are the buildings still standing today. Original Former Warehouse Building The subject property has design value because it is a representative and unique example of the Industrial Vernacular architectural style with Spanish Eclectic influences. It is two storeys in height, and still contains many of its original elements including but not limited to; main hip roof, yellow and red brick including decorative details; brick pilasters between bays; segmentally arched window openings with brick voussoirs, and exterior archways. The Spanish Eclectic influences can be seen in the small arched windows, prominent arched entranceways, and the hipped roof. The main building was constructed in 1902, and has had many alterations done to it over the years. The protruding portico to the building is not original, and was most likely constructed between 2003 and 2006, along with the addition immediately behind it that was built with tan brick construction, with brick pilasters on each side and a parapet at the top. The addition covered most of the front façade of the original building, leaving only a bay of windows on each side of the original façade visible from the street. There is a single-storey addition on each side of the building that was constructed between 1904 and 1925. In 2005, the warehouse building was renovated by the owner at the time to serve as a private residence -walk in Northern Spain, and later transformed into an award-winning event space. Former Machine Shop The original portion of the Former Machine Shop was built in 1902, with an addition that was constructed between 2017 and 2018. The building is one-storey in height, of tan brick construction with a hipped roof and arched windows. Historical/Associative Value The property has associative value because it has direct associations with the Ontario Sugar Company, the Breithaupt family in its operations, and Ebenezer Herrick Dyer (E.H. Dyer Co.) in the design of the original factory buildings. In 1901, local businessman were considering the idea of establishing a sugar-beet factory in Berlin (present-day Kitchener). To assess the cultivation of sugar-beets in Waterloo, several experiments were conducted in the same year, and many incentives were given to investors and farmers in the form of th bonuses, tax exemptions, and grants to purchase farmland. On December 26, 1901, Samuel Willaims, who was the president of the Berlin Board of Trade, announced that the Ontario Sugar Company had elected Berlin to build its new half million-dollar sugar beet factory. In 1902, the Ontario Sugar Company finalized its purchase to buy 69 acres of farmland in the Township of Waterloo, with 49 acres being from Daniel Fries and 20 acres being from the Breithaupt Family. Operations of the factory were strategically supported by its proximity to the Grand River, which was used to deliver 5 million gallons of water daily to the factory, and the Grand Trunk Railway which was accessible via the establishment of six brank lines on the property. involved in establishing the company in Berlin. They were well known in the community, their contributions were highly significant to the development of Kitchener. J.C. Breithaupt and W.H. Breithaupt were the director and the president, respectively, of the Ontario Sugar Company at the time of the closure of the company. The design and construction of the factory was contracted to E.H. Dyer Company of Cleveland. The company was founded by Ebenezer Herrick Dyer. He established the first successful sugar beet plant th in the United States in the latter half of the 19 century. He was also responsible for the construction and design of over fifty (50) the years, this building is one of the last remaining from the original complex that was initially constructed, and some of the original architectural elements still remain intact and visible today. The property also has associative value because it has potential to yield information regarding the rapid thth economic and industrial expansion of Berlin at the end of the 19 century and beginning of the 20 century. Berlin (now Kitchener) was experiencing major economic development during time, with the establishment of many industrial companies. The establishment of the Ontario Sugar Company also processing within this factory represented the first sugar what was produced using Canadian beets. Furthermore, operating the plant created hundreds of permanent and seasonal jobs. The property is associated with Ron Doyle, a local visionary, community builder, entrepreneur, and philanthropist who was behind the transformation of the former factory into an event space. The project was inspired by the 800 kilometre Camino de Santiago pilgrimage Doyle completed in Spain in 2001. Doyle was also behind Lot 42, a local event space for high profile gatherings, and A Better Tent City, a small community of vulnerable residents in individual cabins. Most recently, the property was occupied by the Hacienda Sarria Market Garden, operated by the Working Centre. The Hacienda Sarria Market Garden was a volunteer-driven initiative to develop an inclusive, hands-on learning environment to demonstrate, promote, and share knowledge about sustainable local food production and environmental stewardship. Contextual Value The property has contextual value because it is physically, functionally, visually, and historically linked to its surroundings. The buildings remain in their original location, and are still located in close proximity to the Grand River. This strategic location of the factory so close to the Grand River at the time of its establishment contributes to its contextual value even though the surrounding landscape has seen immense change in the years since. The factory was situated close to the Grand Trunk Railway. The railway was used to bring beets from farms to the refinery and the river was used to power the refinery and discharge effluent. The factory was built on a slight rise of land providing it prominence in the landscape. Heritage Attributes The heritage attributes of 1254 Union Street reside in the following attributes: All elements related to the construction and Industrial vernacular architectural style with Spanish eclectic influences of the main original 1902 former warehouse building, along with the wings on the warehouse building (1904-1923) portion; and Former machine shop (1902): o The location, massing and scale of the original 1902 former warehouse building with the wings (1904-1923) and the former machine shop (1902); o The style and appearance of the main hip roof; o Flat and shed rooflines on the wings of the original warehouse; o Yellow and red brick construction including decorative details on all facades; o Brick pilasters between bays; o Segmentally arched window openings with brick voussoirs; o Various arched window openings; o Two-storey front entrance portico with parapet; o Segmentally arched door openings with brick voussoirs; o Exterior archways; and o Flat headed door openings with timber lintels All elements related to the construction and architectural style of the original Former machine shop (1902) (excluding the later addition): o The location, massing and scale of the former machine shop; o Yellow and red brick construction; o The style and appearance of the hip roof; o Arched window openings with brick voussoirs; o Arched door openings with brick voussoirs; All elements related to its contextual value of the buildings: o The original location of the original former warehouse and former machine shop on the subject property, and its contribution to the Union Street streetscape. Photos 1254 Union Street Former Original Warehouse Building 1254 Union Street Former Machine Shop, Source: MHBC HIA 1254 Union Street REFERENCES McNaughton Hermson Britton Clarkson Planning Ltd., (August 2023), Heritage Impact Assessment Report 1254 Union Street Seto, S. (2021). . KW Record: Kitchener, ON. Tdpqfe!Ifsjubhf!Jnqbdu!Bttfttnfou! 2365!Vojpo!Tusffu-!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs! ! 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Tdpqfe!Ifsjubhf!Jnqbdu!Bttfttnfou! 2365!Vojpo!Tusffu-!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs! ! Bqqfoejy!C!—!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs“t!Tubufnfou!pg! Tjhojgjdbodf! Bvhvtu!3134!NICD!}!78!! ! ¸ p p p p p p p p p p ¸ p p p p p Tdpqfe!Ifsjubhf!Jnqbdu!Bttfttnfou! 2365!Vojpo!Tusffu-!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs! ! Bqqfoejy!D!—!Ifsjubhf!Dpoufyu!Qmbo Bvhvtu!3134!NICD!}!79!! ! Tdpqfe!Ifsjubhf!Jnqbdu!Bttfttnfou! 2365!Vojpo!Tusffu-!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs! ! Bqqfoejy!E!—!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs!DIM!Tuvez!Nbq Bvhvtu!3134!NICD!}!7:!! ! Tdpqfe!Ifsjubhf!Jnqbdu!Bttfttnfou! 2365!Vojpo!Tusffu-!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs! ! Bqqfoejy!F!—!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs!DIM!Tuvez!Ebub!Tiffu Bvhvtu!3134!NICD!}!81!! ! DESCRIPTION: Union Street & Union Boulevard L-RD-14 The various parts of Union Street are historically important because they were and remain, in part, the boundary between the Cities of Waterloo and Kitchener. Currently the combined street traverses the City in an east/west alignment terminating in the west at the Westmount Golf and Country Club and in the east just beyond Lancaster Street. The oldest part of the street centres on King Street where late 19th and early 20th Century homes and institutions straddle the streetscape. It is from this portion of the street that it derives its name, Union Street, because it is here, that the two cities were first joined in the latter part of the 19th Century. The western portion, Union Boulevard travels through the Westmount neighbourhood. The Westmount Improvement Company extended the street incrementally through the neighbourhood between 1912 and 1945. The eastern part of the street was agricultural land until after World War II. The street was part of farms that fronted onto Bridgeport Road. As Union Street East passes through Breithaupt Park, it cuts through a forested area that was a former farm woodlot which was at the rear of a farm whose house and barn were located on Bridgeport Road. The middle portion of Union is in the City of Waterloo and was developed in the 40s, 50s and 60s. The alignment of Union again reflects the same curvilinear street pattern characteristic of Waterloo Township. The vertical alignment rises and falls with the gently rolling topography of north east Kitchener. The exception to this is the alignment through Westmount which is curvilinear but done deliberately as part of the design of the neigbourhood to add character to the planned community. Highlights along the street include: an interesting section through Breithaupt Park where it traverses the former farm woodlot; the high point of land west of Erb Street; the Grand River Hospital and Sun Life institutional campus; and, the divided lanes through the Westmount neighbourhood terminating in the Westmount Golf and Country Club. LOCATION:HISTORIC THEMES: East/west road travelling from Sereda Road to Westmount Road. Transportation, Urban Development Transportation Corridor LANDSCAPE TYPE: Within the Described boundary, there are: ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL: KEY MAP 123 HISTORICAL INTEGRITYCULTURAL VALUECOMMUNITY VALUECHARACTER DEFINING FEATURES: LAND USE - CONTINUITY DESIGN VALUE - RARENESS COMMUNITY IDENTITY -Features include: the part of the street that is OF USEOR UNIQUENESSTELLS STORY OF AREAcentred on King Street with its 19th and early 20th Century homes and institutions; its passage through OWNERSHIP - CONTINUITY DESIGN VALUE - PUBLIC STEWARDSHIP Breithaupt Park; the alignment of Union which OF OWNERSHIPAESTHETIC/SCENIC REASONS SUPPORTED BY reflects the curvilinear street pattern characteristic of VOLUNTEERISM BUILT ELEMENTS - DESIGN VALUE - HIGH Waterloo Township; the vertical rise and fall with ORIGINAL GROUPINGS DEGREE TECHNICAL / the gently rolling topography; the curvilinear COMMUNITY IMAGE AND ASSOCIATED SITESSCIENTIFIC INTERESTalignment through Westmount as part of the IDENTIFIED WITH neighbourhood design; the Grand River Hospital and KITCHENER'S VEGETATION - ORIGINAL HISTORIC VALUE - HISTORIC Sun Life institutional campus; and, the divided lanes PROVINCIAL/NATIONAL PATTERNS UNDERSTANDING OF AREA through the Westmount neighbourhood. REPUTATION 4 HISTORIC VALUE - DIRECT CULTURAL TOURISM - PROMOTED AS ASSOCIATION WITH A RELATIONSHIPS - TOURIST DESTINATION THEME, EVENT OR PERSON SUPPORTING DESIGNED LIST OF FIGURES: LANDMARK - RECOGNIZED ELEMENTS HISTORIC VALUE-WORK OF Central median east of Belmont Avenue West. 1. BY COMMUNITY NATURAL FEATURES - LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT, COMMEMORATION - SITE PROMINENT NATURAL ARCHITECT OR OTHER Road right of way through Westmount neighbourhood. 2. USED FOR CELEBRATIONS FEATURES DESIGNER PUBLIC SPACE - USED FOR CONTEXTUAL VALUE - NATURAL RELATIONSHIPS - Union Street right of way through Breithaupt Park. 3. FREQUENT PUBLIC EVENTS LANDMARK VALUE FEATURES THAT DETERMINE USE CULTURAL TRADITIONS - CONTEXTUAL VALUE - View from Union Street at King Street West. 4. USED TO EXPRESS IMPORTANT IN DEFINING VIEW THAT REFLECTS CULTURAL TRADITIONS CHARACTER OF AREA LANDSCAPE CHARACTER Alignment west of King Street West. 5. FROM HISTORIC PHOTOS QUALITY OF LIFE - VALUED CONTEXTUAL VALUE - FOR ITS DAY-TO-DAY HISTORICALLY, PHYSICALLY, RUIN - HUMAN MADE Alignment through Breithaupt Park. 6. 5 IMPACT ON COMMUNITY FUNCTIONALLY OR VISUALLY REMNANTS LIFE LINKED TO SURROUNDINGS DESIGNED LANDSCAPES LOCAL HISTORY - THAT HAVE RESTORATION CONTRIBUTING TO LOCAL POTENTIAL LORE VISUALLY SIGNIFICANT PHOTOGRAPHED OFTEN GENUS LOCI - SENSE OF PLACE PLANNING - IDENTIFIED THROUGH OTHER PLANNING INITIATIVES This street alignment represents, in The street is representative of the While the street serves as an part, the boundary between joining of the Cities of Waterloo east/west connection through several Waterloo and Kitchener with the and Kitchener and developed in eras of City development, it is a oldest portion of the street dating concert with the urban area as it reminder and record of the to the late 19th and early 20th expanded through the 19th and progression of both Kitchener and centuries.20th centuries.Waterloo. 6 Tdpqfe!Ifsjubhf!Jnqbdu!Bttfttnfou! 2365!Vojpo!Tusffu-!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs! ! Bqqfoejy!G!—!Ufsnt!pg!Sfgfsfodf Bvhvtu!3134!NICD!}!82!! ! Tdpqfe!Ifsjubhf!Jnqbdu!Bttfttnfou! 2365!Vojpo!Tusffu-!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs! ! Bqqfoejy!H!—!Tjuf!Qmbo Bvhvtu!3134!NICD!}!83!! ! 9 6 . 9 2 9 F e CHAIN LINK FENCE n 0c .e 1 5 NF eC h a nin N 0 cL 7 ein .k 5 1 ° F 2 5e 5 n c'0 Ne 7 " W F e n 0 c . 4e 0 0 . F0N e3 0 n .0W c . e 2 4 E 2" M 0 N T 1 O 3 ' 1 8 F 4 1 m e ° 0.56n 0 4 S Fc 0 E e.N T 2e 63 n0 B 8 06 A.N. 0c3 7 C eN .0 3° K 2 3 1 9W 6 ' N 5 0 F "e W n 0 c . 3e 3 3 GRAVEL 0 0 .N .3 0 6 5 0 E A s 3 p. N h 1 a 2 3 l t 2 .5 4 0 . 3° GRAVEL 2 4 9 SITE STATISTICS 1 1 . 1 .0 ' 3 0 7 LOADING0 ) 1 D m E" 13.7 5 S. W 0 O 1 3 P SPACE Y x 0 IT O L RmI. P3 79 .C . 1 A F 2F e ( 8 ' n Zoning- M-2 E)0 0 c . 0Cm 3 2e 6 1 8 N3.0 .4 x..N A7 2 '(0 11 1 0N'B E1 74 E T2 4 26 mU 0.52 N:2 IT R A. H7 C of A Application- 2 I N1 MGL IE 1 0 E D H 1.X 3 °I. N 0 1 S 2 G Lot Area- 22,809m² ASPHALT 6 T 0 S O '. E 2T 1 T G U F O 0R e O n R 0 A c "A.e ER 3 WR 6 Building Coverage- 2,646m² (11.6%) I R FGE N 9 AY C E 1 h ..CHAIN LINK FENCE a G 52 i n L N in EX. RETAINING E k 6 Landscaped Area- 13,513m² (59.2%) F 2 2 e .n° c 0 & 0.09 M e 4 WALL 9 ' 1 5 T 5 O " 0 W . 1 8 2 1 Asphalt / Hard Surface Area- 6,650m² (29.2%) 4 F R 4 e S m n 0 .c T. 0 3e LANDSCAPED m S 2 O E N 2 T D B 1RE P A 6.8 2 EA C C S Y B K D N U A L I Parking Required- 79 spaces L E D 1X 3 I N. .S 0 4 E 1 T. G 2 1 X 8 Private Club (1/23m²) 1,283m²/23 = 56 spaces O M S a .. n 5 EX. RT R h 2 o O l EE e 5.5 SS 0 Y RETAININGR. 3 T Dwelling Unit = 1 space IOUTDOOR 6 DE O E d Y g WALLE e A R STORAGE so N E pf h E a X I l Y t 2 T Contractor's Establishment (1/40m²) 860m²/40 = 22 spaces AREA 1. .A 6 B 2P 1L U 8O A 4 s 5.5 IS 1 p.. SIAMESEL h 5 4 N 6 T a .D lt 1O SNOW 3 D I 6 N R STORAGEGE Y Parking Provided- 71 spaces R Parking Space Minimum Dimensions- 2.6m x 5.5m m 1 2 S 1 T Barrier Free Parking = 3 spaces O 2 BIKE RACKS (2) . 0 1 R . X EE N I Y A Class A Bicycle Parking - (1/1,500m²) = 2 spaces T N U OE F X . Class B Bicycle Parking - (1/3,000m²) = 2 spaces 3 W R. '0 ASPHALT A0 Em 5 EL X2 x XL) Loading Space = 1 space 3.1' 3 .. .m W 0 48 W2 6E 1 . AS 5 AD U LANDSCAPED L1 E L 2 L O 1 Sx L . .4 H 5 O m PP 2 3 .. 6 OO 8 R E 1O 1 0.21 P( X .H 5 8 .. 5 EF 1 m3 R 5 XI . R 2 1 E . 8 6 E PC F. W . 7 L1 A OR S s 4 E p 5 .A h WO O C1 a 9 F lt L 3 U ILE 3 LT R . 0 ITX ENE E . X G R W 1. O FH H.W A y 8 3 INDUSTRIAL . d 7 U r m a AL n T t L J EL u C n L Bc 2 otG i xo LANDSCAPED. u S n 6 y Proposed Maintenance Facility Area- 650m² A W n .5 c 5 h o N r 6 8 ° 0 1 Proposed Hoop House Area- 278m² ' 3 5 2 " 4W . 4 9 4 L L A W . X E E " 5 R 0 Total Gross Floor Area- 3,505m² 3 m 9 2 2 1° 4 3 LANDSCAPED N E G A R O 3 .T 7 S W 3m x 4.5m S W C O DVT N S m 7 5 . . FH1 3 2 0 N . 7 5 5 ° 3 4 ' 0 0LANDSCAPED " W3 m x D 4 V . T5 m 9 8 . 3 3 4 P o s t & W i r e F e n c e NOTE: ALL ASPHALT AREAS TO BE DEFINED WITH 0.15M HIGH POURED CONCRETE CURBING REVISED: SITE PLAN APPLICATION No. SITE PLAN 0 5 10 15 20 25 GCT LOT 59 PART LOT 1 & 10; 58R-1977O PART LOT 1, 2 & 8 SCALE 1: 1,500 MOSER LANDSCAPE GROUP INC. CAD FILE: City of Kitchener SP.DWG DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DEPARTMENT DATE: May 17, 2023 1254 UNION STREET, KITCHENER ON Tdpqfe!Ifsjubhf!Jnqbdu!Bttfttnfou! 2365!Vojpo!Tusffu-!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs! ! Bqqfoejy!I!—!Fmfwbujpot !! Bvhvtu!3134!NICD!}!84!! ! Tdpqfe!Ifsjubhf!Jnqbdu!Bttfttnfou! 2365!Vojpo!Tusffu-!Djuz!pg!Ljudifofs! ! Bqqfoejy!J!—!Dvssjdvmvn!Wjubf! Bvhvtu!3134!NICD!}!85!! ! #522)#5,5-VITAE Dan Currie, MA, MCIP, RPP, CAHP EDUCATION 1 #522)#5,5-VITAE Dan Currie, MA, MCIP, RPP, CAHP 2 #522)#5,5-VITAE Dan Currie, MA, MCIP, RPP, CAHP 3 #522)#5,5-VITAE Dan Currie, MA, MCIP, RPP, CAHP 4 311.651!CJOHFNBOT!DFOUSF!ESJWF!LJUDIFOFS!0!POUBSJP!0O3C4Y:!0!U;62:/687/4761!0!G;!62:.687.1232!0!XXX/NICDQMBO/DPN