HomeMy WebLinkAboutCSD-07-039 - Volunteer Support Strategy Discussion
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Community Services
Report To:
Date of Meeting:
Submitted By:
Community Services Committee
April 23, 2007
Prepared By:
Mark Hildebrand, Interim Director of Community Programs
and Services, Community Services Department (x 2687)
Jo-Ann Hutchison, Facilitator, Volunteer Resources &
Community Engagement (x 2227)
All
Ward(s) Involved:
Date of Report:
Report No.:
Subject:
April 20, 2007
CSD-07-039
VOLUNTEER SUPPORT STRATEGY DISCUSSION
RECOMMENDATION:
For discussion.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:
This report provides background information for a strategic discussion session that will give
Council the opportunity to provide input into the development of a volunteer support strategy.
This strategy session will occur during the Community Services meeting on April 23, 2007. It will
include an overview presentation of 10 minutes followed by discussion.
The report below outlines a conceptual framework on which to base this discussion. In this
report, the concepts of volunteerism and the voluntary sector are defined and the differences
between them delineated. As well, the ways that the municipality involves citizens and interacts
with the voluntary sector are described. Comment is then made via recent research findings on
the current state of each of these forms of civic engagement.
The key issue that emerges from this review of recent federal, provincial, and local research is
the sustainability of the voluntary sector. According to research done in 2004 in Waterloo
Region, sustainability of non-profits can be broken down into 4 key dimensions or pillars:
· Planning and Leadership
· Relationships & Partnerships
· Organizational Culture
· Organizational Relevance
These four pillars or sub-issues will provide the dimensions for the discussion on the
sustainability of the voluntary sector. As well, the following questions will guide the discussion:
o What have residents told you about their experience of volunteering or managing non-
profit organizations?
o What have citizens told you about how we support volunteers within the Corporation
and voluntary sector organizations within our community? Have they suggested any
ways that we can support them better?
BACKGROUND:
Two recent City of Kitchener plans suggest benefits from the development of a Volunteer
Support Strategy: the Healthy Community Plan (2006) and the Leisure Facility Master Plan
(2005).
The Galloway Report (2000) which was an operational review of the Community Services
Department recommended the development of a more coordinated and pro-active approach to
the City of Kitchener's volunteer management approach. Thus, in 2002, the Volunteer
Resources section was implemented. Since that time significant development of supports and
services to both volunteerism and voluntarism within the City of Kitchener has occurred. In
2007, Volunteer Resources will have been in existence for 5 years so it is a good milestone at
which to review the base built to date and to set new goals for the future. The development of a
Volunteer Support Strategy is also timely for the following reasons:
· Not only has Kitchener grown in its population base but also in the programming it offers
either directly or in affiliation with community groups. As well, our community is much
more diverse and complex than it ever has been. As a result, the need for more
resources to effectively manage volunteers and support non-profit organizations who
deliver programs on behalf of the municipality is needed. In particular, additional
resources in the areas of environmental programming, special events, neighbourhoods,
and athletics are needed. In addition, with the baby boomer population reaching
retirement age and with more people living in the community until well past their 80s,
significant opportunity, as well as need, for volunteers is created.
· The New Deal for Cities and Communities (2005) indicates that volunteers are the single
greatest contributor to quality of life in a community.
· However, at the same time, results from the National Survey of Non-profit and Voluntary
Organizations (2003) indicates that non-profit and voluntary organizations appear to be
experiencing difficulties fulfilling their missions or achieving their organizational
objectives, which may limit their ability to contribute to their community. Just over one-
half reported having problems with planning for the future, recruiting the types of
volunteers needed by the organization and obtaining board members. Just under one
half reported problems with retaining volunteers, obtaining funding from other
organizations such as government, foundations or corporations and obtaining funding
from individual donors.
· Thus, to retain the high quality of life that Kitchener has experienced and to enhance it
even further, significant and immediate measures must be taken to ensure that we
properly care for and foster the essential and complex resource of volunteerism that
we've grown to depend on and value.
REPORT:
The purpose of this report is to provide Council a snapshot of the status of volunteerism and the
voluntary sector in our Community, outlining vulnerabilities and to clarify, through discussion
with Council, the possible priorities of a Volunteer Support Strategy. To do this, it will be
beneficial to examine and define different forms of civic engagement and assess the strengths
and vulnerabilities of each and the role or possible role of the municipality in encouraging or
supporting each form of civic engagement. The forms of civic engagement examined in this
report are as follows: community participation, informal volunteering, direct volunteering for the
City of Kitchener, affiliated community groups, community groups that receive an annual
operating grant from the City of Kitchener, and the voluntary sector-at-Iarge.
As well, reviewing the differences between "volunteerism" and "voluntarism" will be helpful in
clarifying the focus of the proposed volunteer support strategy so that it can be clarified if its
focus is volunteerism, voluntarism, or both. Figure 1 illustrates various forms of civic
engagement and if they are considered volunteerism or voluntarism.
Volunteerism and Voluntary Sector (Voluntarism) Defined
Both volunteerism and the voluntary sector (voluntarism) are fundamental building blocks of a
civil society and although related they are two different concepts. Volunteerism refers to the
individual act of volunteering whereas voluntarism refers to the voluntary sector and is
concerned with the health of not-for-profit organizations within the voluntary sector. Both
informal and direct or formal volunteering are considered to be forms of volunteerism whereas
affiliated community groups, community organizations that receive annual operating grants, and
the voluntary sector at large are considered voluntarism. Community participation is just that
and although absolutely important to a democratic and civil society it is not considered a form of
neither volunteerism nor voluntarism and thus would not be considered as part of a volunteer
support strategy.
Status of the Voluntary Sector
According to the 2003 National Survey of Non-profit and Voluntary Organizations (NSNPVO),
the voluntary sector in Canada is made up of 161 ,000 organizations with 1.2 million paid staff
and 6.5 million volunteers. Ontario's non-profit, voluntary sector has a long history of and still
remains an essential component of Ontario's social, economic and civic landscape, despite
being challenged by a number of issues. Throughout the Province of Ontario, there are more
than 45,000 non-profit, voluntary organizations. This sector provides services, does research,
advocates and contributes across a wide array of "sub sectors" including sports, arts/culture,
social development, health, environment and international aid. It also represents the interests of
all Canadians, often bringing voice to issues and concerns from perspectives not always heard
from: young people, Aboriginal peoples, new Canadians, people with disabilities, people living in
poverty or isolation, and individuals living with disease or difficulty.
The sociologist Alex Himelfarb, once summarized the role of the voluntary sector in this way:
· It provides a myriad of services that government can't, or prefers to see done by
non-government agents, or that citizens themselves want to see happen.
· It gives voice-to constituencies and issues and concerns and ideas. A voice that
keeps government, corporations and society on their toes, accountable. A voice that
needs to be heard.
· It engages people: as volunteers, as activists, as voters, as participants.
In Kitchener, the voluntary sector serves these same roles and is a key part of the economic,
health, social, environmental, and cultural well-being of our local community. In fact, 650/0 of
non-profits in Ontario have a local mandate (NSNPVO, 2003).
The paragraphs below provide an explanation of various forms of civic engagement, identifies if
they are a form or volunteerism or voluntarism, provides a brief status report on each,
suggestions for possible future development.
Forms of Civic Engagement at the City of Kitchener: Definitions, a Status Report, and
Suggestions for Possible Future Development
o Community Participation is defined as participating in the community by belonging
to group, organization, or association. Participation in such groups is considered to be
an important contributor to the development of social capital since it enables people to
build bonds of trust and reciprocity that provide a foundation for a vibrant community.
For the purposes of this report, community participation is also defined as exercising
one's basic democratic rights such as voting and participating in public consultations.
The 2004 Canada Survey on Giving, Volunteering and Participating (CSGVP) found
that 660/0 of the population aged 15 and over belonged to a group, organization, or
association and that on average they belong to 2 groups although 450/0 belong to just
one type of organization. The top four types of organizations to which Canadians
belong are sports and recreation (31 % of Canadians belong), professional
associations and unions (270/0), religious organizations or groups (170/0) and cultural
or hobby organizations (130/0).
The City of Kitchener encourages community participation through a multitude of
opportunities for people to participate in recreational and leisure programs or groups
and through campaigns to encourage residents to vote or to participate in the public
process or consultation. The information gathering stage of the Healthy Community
Plan which included numerous options and formats for input (on-line, group sessions,
paper surveys, etc) is an example of a strategy that was developed to reach out and
gather input from all members of our community.
Although community participation is essential to a healthy community and building
social capital, it is not considered to be a form of volunteerism so future development
steps would not be included in a volunteers support strategy. The areas within the
corporation best positioned to take a lead role in these developmental steps include
Corporate Communications, Clerks, Corporate and Community Planning, and
divisions within Community Services that offer programs to the public or have insights
into how to reach all members of our community such as Inclusion Services, Youth
Services, and Adults 50+. As well, encouraging community participation is the
responsibility of any city project team that gathers public input or engages in
community consultation.
o Informal Volunteering refers to members of the community "pitching in" to help out
the community in meaningful and positive ways. The contributions of "informal
volunteers" are done of one's own volition, are unscheduled, and often not tied or
monitored by any particular agency so is not as structured as a "formal" volunteer
position within an agency that has a specific "job" to do at specific times and under
supervision. Examples of "informal" volunteers include the neighbour who organizes a
community barbecue so neighbours can get to know each other, a responsible
property owner that helps to clear the snow from his or her elderly neighbours
sidewalk, people who regularly pick-up litter or organize their own group litter pick-
ups.
Informal volunteering has a significant and vital role to play in our society. The 2004
CSGVP reports that 830/0 of the population aged 15 and older helped others directly
without going through charitable or other non-profit organizations.
It is predicted that the proportion of people who contribute to their communities
through informal rather than formal ways will most likely continue to grow due to
people's inability, hesitancy, or unwillingness to make a long term commitment to
traditional forms of volunteering. This trend can be attributed to a multitude and often
simultaneous factors including work load demands, work schedules, the demands and
schedules of educational or retraining programs, family commitments or care-giving
duties, fear of perceived liability, health conditions which particularly affects people
with disabilities or seniors, and mobility which can be either defined as moving from
one community to another or commuting to and from work. Given all of these factors,
increasing numbers of people prefer or are only able to contribute to society in
unstructured, informal ways rather than formalized volunteer positions that often
required a more long term and scheduled commitment.
Thus, in 2004, the City of Kitchener made a progressive and innovative move to
embrace this form of civic engagement by officially recognizing it as a valid and
beneficial form of engagement. At this time, the name of Volunteer Resources was
expanded to "Volunteer Resources and Community Engagement" and programs that
encourage informal volunteering such as Earth Week and Festival of Neighbourhoods
were centralized under the Volunteer Resources umbrella.
Future development steps in this area could include enhancement of resources that
encourage informal volunteering. If Council sees this form of civic engagement as a
priority for the Volunteer Support Strategy, additional resources such as space,
staffing, and program budgets are required to re-vitalize some programs such as
Adopt-a-Park/Adopt-a-Road and to grow existing programs such as Earth Week and
Festival of Neighbourhoods.
o Direct Volunteering for the Corporation of the City of Kitchener
Direct volunteers are individuals who, without monetary compensation or expectation
of compensation beyond reimbursement of approved expenses, perform a task under
the direction of and on behalf of the Corporation of the City of Kitchener. To be
considered a direct volunteer, volunteers must be officially accepted and enrolled by
the Corporation of the City of Kitchener prior to the performance of the volunteer task.
Examples of direct volunteers of the City of Kitchener include outdoor winter rink
volunteers, summer playground volunteers, most of the volunteers of Adults 50+
programs, and volunteers of special events operated directly by the City of Kitchener
such as Festival of the Night, Word on the Street Literary Festival, and Cruising on
King.
In Ontario, approximately 500/0 of the population volunteers giving an average of 162
hours per year with a median of 60 hours per year. Youth aged 15 to 24 years has
the highest rate of volunteering (630/0). The lowest rate of volunteering was found in
the age category of 65 years and older but seniors gave the largest number of hours
(CSGVP,2004).
In 2006, Volunteer Resources developed a performance measurement system to
assess the effectiveness and efficiency of supports and services provided to staff who
works with direct volunteers. To date, data from two quarters have been collected and
compiled. As well, the results of an annual feedback survey have been compiled. So
far, the statistics and feedback has been positive indicating that the support and
services offered by Volunteer Resources to direct volunteers and the staff who work
with them is both efficient and effective.
Another opportunity to measure the effectiveness of support and services offered by
the City of Kitchener for direct volunteers was made available through the Ontario
Network of the Canadian Volunteerism Initiative (OCVI). Through this federally-funded
initiative, a Municipal Toolkit was developed to encourage communities across
Ontario to become "volunteer-friendly". The City of Kitchener scored well on the 16
point criteria assessment tool to assess how well a municipality engages and supports
volunteers and thus was recognized as a "Municipal Champion of Volunteerism".
However, two items on this assessment list are still in progress and need to be fully
implemented. These two items are an update to our volunteer record keeping system
and the approval of policies and procedures for volunteer management. These
policies are similar to Human Resources policies but are geared specifically for the
consistent management of volunteers. Both of these projects are well underway and it
is hoped that they will be fully implemented over the next 6 to 12 months.
Future developmental steps in this area could include an audit to see to what degree
each program area that involves volunteers is in compliance with the Canadian Code
for Volunteer Involvement that was adopted in 2002 by Council as a standard code for
how volunteers are involved and managed across the Corporation.
· Affiliated Community Groups are local not-for-profit organizations that meet the
eligibility criteria as outlined in the Corporation of the City of Kitchener's affiliation
policies for minor sports groups and neighbourhood associations and are approved for
affiliation by Kitchener City Council. Affiliated groups work in close partnership with
the City of Kitchener to deliver municipal programs and services. As a benefit of
affiliation, these groups receive in-kind or financial support as per their respective
affiliation agreements. The primary benefits for both minor sports groups and
neighbourhood associations is third party liability insurance, a staff liaison, reduced
fees or free space in city facilities, reduced fees or free printing/advertising costs, and
training for the boards and volunteers of these organizations.
The volunteers of affiliated community groups are referred to as indirect volunteers in
that they help to deliver programs offered indirectly by the City of Kitchener through
affiliated community groups. Indirect volunteers are defined as individuals who
perform without monetary compensation or expectation of compensation beyond
reimbursement of approved expenses, a task under the direction of and on behalf of a
not-for-profit group affiliated with the Corporation of City of Kitchener. Volunteers must
be officially accepted and enrolled by the affiliated group prior to the performance of
the volunteer task.
Recent research findings indicate that these groups are in a precarious position.
According to the CSGVP (2004), in Ontario sport and recreation associations are the
second largest number of association types in Ontario (at 160/0, preceded only by
religious organizations at 230/0), and that they utilize the highest percentage of all
volunteers in Ontario (390/0 of all volunteers) at an average rate of 76 hours per year
(equal to 290/0 of all hours donated). The challenge is that, unlike most other voluntary
agencies in Ontario - 540/0 of which experience stable volunteerism rates, 220/0 of
sport and recreation associations reported a decline in volunteer levels between 2000
and 2003. Other studies indicate that in the voluntary sector in general, non-profit
organizations have great difficulty attracting board members.
As outlined earlier in this report and as supported through the CSGVP (2004), this
trend may be attributed to a multitude and often simultaneous factors including work
load demands, work schedules, the demands and schedules of educational or
retraining programs, family commitments or care-giving duties, fear of perceived
liability, health conditions which particularly affects people with disabilities or seniors,
and mobility which can be either defined as moving from one community to another or
commuting to and from work. Given all of these factors, people are hesitant to
volunteer in formal ways and with community run organizations.
Another trend relevant to affiliated groups is the trend of "top volunteers". According to
the 2004 CGSVP, 250/0 of volunteers or 11 % of Canadians account for 770/0 of all
volunteer hours. This figure provides evidence that volunteer burnout is not just an
isolated or perceived program but a real issue not only for individual volunteers and
their families but for the groups, municipalities, and communities they volunteer for.
In Kitchener, both minor sports and neighbourhood associations have reported these
trends and staff have observed them. Given how dependent the municipality is on
these groups delivering programs and services on our behalf and the significant role
these groups have in creating social capital and a healthy community, these trends
are concerning.
Current developmental work in this area includes the review and update of that
affiliation and other policies such as the room booking and printing policy for
neighbourhood associations. Review of these policies will help to clarify the
relationship of these groups to the City and to better position the city and these groups
are key community partners for the future.
Ongoing training to increase capacity of these groups is offered by Volunteer
Resources and ongoing support is made available through their city staff liaison.
Future development of support and resources to affiliated groups could include
additional capacity building opportunities especially in the areas of diversity, funding,
sustainability, and volunteer recruitment, screening and management. Training is a
key part of capacity building but to be truly effective needs to be coupled with good
policies, funding, incentives, and other forms of support.
o Community Organizations that Receive Grants from the City of Kitchener also
help to deliver municipal programs and services in that to be eligible to receive
funding they need to provide a program or service that is considered a municipal
responsibility. Because of the dependence of the municipality on these non-profit
organizations to provide an array of programs and services in our community as well
as good stewardship of the money granted to them, the municipality has a vested
interest in the health and effectiveness of these organizations.
Like other voluntary sector organizations across the province, these groups are
Future directions for this area will be advised by the Community Investment Strategy
which is currently being developed.
o Voluntary Sector at Large includes all other not-for-profit organizations within our
community which includes a vast array of groups such as service clubs, faith
organizations, hobby groups, professional associations, advocacy groups,
environmental organizations, health organizations, foundations, social service and any
other not-for-profit organizations. Although these groups may not receive support or
funding directly from the City of Kitchener, they often interact frequently with the
municipality regarding facility rentals, licensing, road closures, building permits, and
other matters.
These organizations, like other voluntary sector organizations across the province or
in Kitchener are
As a municipality, we have a role in providing good customer service to these
organizations by minimizing bureaucracy so that they can remain vital, grow and
flourish. The City is currently developing a customer service strategy which may help
to guide future directions for this area as initiatives such as the Strengthening
Voluntarism in Ontario project that Volunteer Resource staff is involved.
Table 1 provides a summary of the paragraphs above.
Discussion Points:
As explained in the Executive Summary, this report provides background information for a
discussion about the priorities for a possible volunteer support strategy. This discussion
provides Council with the opportunity to provide feedback and input and to convey insights that
you've gained from members of the community. The two primary discussion questions are as
follows:
o What have residents told you about their experience of volunteering or managing non-
profit organizations?
o What have citizens told you about how we support volunteers within the Corporation
and voluntary sector organizations within our community? Have they suggested any
ways that we can support them better?
FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS:
The scope of the envisioned Volunteer Support Strategy will determine the financial implications
of both developing the strategy and implementing it.
COMMUNICATIONS:
As priorities are clarified, key staff and community stakeholders will be invited to help clarify
those priorities, develop a strategy or strategies to address them, and then implement them. As
necessary, Corporate Communications will be called upon to assist.
CONCLUSION:
Both volunteers and the voluntary sector are vital to the health of our corporation and
community. A well-thought out support strategy that provides clear priorities and direction will
ensure that this necessary and valued part of our corporation and community remains vibrant
and has access to the support and resources it needs to foster its sustainability and future
growth.
Mark Hildebrand, Interim Director,
Community Programs and Services
AP
Figure 1 - Forms of Civic Engagement
Community Participation
e.g., belonging to a group,
organization or association,
voting, participation in public
consultations
Non-profit groups
who grants from City
of Kitchener
e.g., MT Space
Theatre
Horticultural Society
Informal Volunteering
e.g., Self-organized litter
pick-ups
Voluntary Sector at
Large
e.g., Service groups,
faith organizations, etc.
Direct Volunteering for
City of Kitchener
e.g., outdoor winter rink
volunteers
meal program
volunteers
Affiliated Community Group
(Indirect Volunteers)
e.g., Minor Sports or
Neighbourhood Associations
Voluntary
Sector or
Voluntarism
Table 1 - Overview of Forms of Volunteerism / Voluntary Sector and Current and Possible F
I='orm of Volunteerism ExamRle Current Strateg}' 1'0 Ille ture D
Engagement or
Voluntarism
Informal Volunteerism - organizing own litter pick-up - Festival of Neighbourhoods - further growth of t
Volunteering - organizing a Festival of - Earth Week other that encourc
Neighbourhoods event such - Community Cleanliness Strategy volunteering is del
as a street dance - Litter Reduction Task Force resou rces in the f(
- Kitchener Natural Area Program and program bud~
- City of Kitchener'~
- Volunteer Resources Performance - audit of the Cdn (
Direct or Formal Volunteerism - rink volunteers Measurement System Involvement in eal
Volunteering - meal program volunteers - Annual Work Plan of Vol Resources - youth strategy
- Cdn Code for Volunteer Involvement - adults 50+ strateg
Affiliated Groups Voluntary - minor sports - Volunteer Resources Performance - youth strategy
Sector - neighbourhood Measurement System - adults 50+ strate~
(Indirect associations - Annual Work Plan of Volunteer - in collaboration V\
Volunteers) Resources which includes training partners, develop
and capacity building initiatives resource and edL
- PRO's Sport Volunteers in Ontario
Research Project
- Strengthening Voluntarism in
Ontario Project
- Neighbourhood Association
Affiliation and Other NA related
Policy Review & Update
Community Non- Voluntary - MT Space Theatre - Community Investment Strategy - in collaboration '^
Profit Sector - KW Horticultural Society - Strengthening Voluntarism in partners, develop
Organizations Ontario initiative resource and edu
that Receive - Culture Plan II
Grants from City
of Kitchener
- Customer Service Strategy, - in collaboration wi
Voluntary Sector Voluntary - service clubs - Strengthening Voluntarism in partners, developr
at Large Sector - faith organizations Ontario initiative resource and edul
*NB: Community participation is not included in this chart because it is not considered a form of volunteer ism or the voluntary sector.